Document Detail


The true history of the discovery of penicillin, with refutation of the misinformation in the literature.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  10695047     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
In 1928, while investigating variant strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Alexander Fleming found that a fungus growing near the edge of a culture of S. aureus produced a substance which had diffused into the medium, lysed the nearest organisms and thus produced a clear area immediately surrounding the fungus. Further away was a zone of transparent, degenerate colonies, while those in the outer zone appeared healthy. This culture plate was one of several left on his laboratory bench at room temperature while he was away on holiday. On his return, he noticed the difference on this plate from the usual contaminated plate. He cultivated the fungus, Penicillium notatum, which he was initially informed was P. rubrum, and called the soluble extract penicillin. It cured local infections but, at the time, could not be purified to treat systemic infections. Many authors have criticized apparent failings in Fleming. This paper catalogs the criticisms and provides evidence to refute them.
Authors:
F W Diggins
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Biography; Historical Article; Journal Article    
Journal Detail:
Title:  British journal of biomedical science     Volume:  56     ISSN:  0967-4845     ISO Abbreviation:  Br. J. Biomed. Sci.     Publication Date:  1999  
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2000-03-10     Completed Date:  2000-03-10     Revised Date:  2009-03-26    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  9309208     Medline TA:  Br J Biomed Sci     Country:  ENGLAND    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  83-93     Citation Subset:  IM; Q    
Affiliation:
8 Tilford Court, England, UK.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Bacteriology*
History, 20th Century
Humans
London
Muramidase
Penicillins*
War
Wounds and Injuries
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Penicillins; EC 3.2.1.17/Muramidase
Personal Name Subject
Personal Name Subject:
A Fleming

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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