Document Detail


A statistical approach for classifying change in cognitive function in individuals following pharmacologic challenge: an example with alprazolam.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  16572266     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
INTRODUCTION: The effects of any drug treatment on cognitive function are typically studied in groups of subjects. Observations made about the behavior of the drug, in the study sample, are then generalized to the population from which the sample was drawn. However, the magnitude and pharmacodynamic qualities of the response to many central nervous system-active drugs are known to vary in the population. Therefore, it is useful to consider statistical models for the detection of cognitive change in response to a drug treatment in individual subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this report, we first outline the statistical assumptions and requirements for the reliable estimation of clinically relevant individual change in cognition. We then used the sedative benzodiazepine, alprazolam, as a pharmacologic challenge in healthy volunteer subjects to test our statistical model, using a parallel groups placebo-controlled study design. After treatment, the nature and severity of alprazolam-induced cognitive change was determined for each individual. RESULTS: Our proposed method and analysis showed an excellent sensitivity and specificity for alprazolam-related cognitive deterioration in individuals. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: These findings, although preliminary, suggest that statistically reliable decisions about the effects of sedative drugs on cognition can be made for individuals.
Authors:
Paul Maruff; John Werth; Bruno Giordani; Angela F Caveney; Douglas Feltner; Peter J Snyder
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial     Date:  2006-03-28
Journal Detail:
Title:  Psychopharmacology     Volume:  186     ISSN:  0033-3158     ISO Abbreviation:  Psychopharmacology (Berl.)     Publication Date:  2006 May 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2006-04-24     Completed Date:  2006-11-06     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  7608025     Medline TA:  Psychopharmacology (Berl)     Country:  Germany    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  7-17     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
CogState Ltd, Melbourne, Australia. pmaruff@cogstate.com
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adult
Alprazolam / pharmacology*
Attention / drug effects
Cognition / drug effects*
Data Interpretation, Statistical
Double-Blind Method
Female
Humans
Hypnotics and Sedatives / pharmacology*
Male
Maze Learning / drug effects
Memory / drug effects
Problem Solving / drug effects
Psychomotor Performance / drug effects
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Hypnotics and Sedatives; 28981-97-7/Alprazolam

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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