| A sodium-rich carbonated mineral water reduces cardiovascular risk in postmenopausal women. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 15113945 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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This study was designed to investigate the possible beneficial effects of consuming a sodium-rich carbonated mineral water on lipoprotein metabolism and to determine whether consumption of this water influences endothelial dysfunction (ED) in postmenopausal women. Women included in the study were amenorrheic (>1 y), healthy, and not obese (BMI < 30 kg/m(2)). The subjects did not take estrogen replacement therapy; supplements of vitamins, minerals, and phytoestrogens; or other medications known to affect bone and lipid metabolism. The study consisted of 2 intervention periods of 2 mo each, during which women drank 1 L/d of a control mineral water (low mineral content) for 2 mo followed by the carbonated mineral water, rich in sodium, bicarbonate, and chloride, for 2 mo. Body weight, height, and blood pressure were measured, and BMI was calculated. Blood samples were taken from fasting subjects and serum was analyzed for total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triacylglycerols, apolipoprotein AI, apolipoprotein B, soluble intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), and glucose. Blood pressure levels did not change throughout the study. Carbonated water intake decreased total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels by 6.8% (P = 0.001) and 14.8% (P < 0.0001), respectively, whereas HDL-cholesterol concentration increased by 8.7% (P = 0.018), compared to the control period. Therefore, cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk indexes (total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol) were markedly reduced (both P < 0.0001). Soluble ICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 levels decreased by 8.4% (P = 0.007) and 14.8% (P = 0.015), respectively. Fasting serum glucose concentration decreased by 6.7% (P < 0.0001). Triacylglycerol levels did not change. Consumption of this sodium rich carbonated water can play a beneficial role in the prevention of CVD and the metabolic syndrome. |
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Authors:
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Stefanie Schoppen; Ana M Pérez-Granados; Angeles Carbajal; Pilar Oubiña; Francisco J Sánchez-Muniz; Juan A Gómez-Gerique; M Pilar Vaquero |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The Journal of nutrition Volume: 134 ISSN: 0022-3166 ISO Abbreviation: J. Nutr. Publication Date: 2004 May |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2004-04-28 Completed Date: 2004-06-10 Revised Date: 2006-11-15 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0404243 Medline TA: J Nutr Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 1058-63 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Instituto del Frío, Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Madrid, Spain. sschoppen@if.csic.es |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Administration, Oral Blood Glucose / analysis Carbonated Beverages* Cardiovascular Diseases / prevention & control* Cell Adhesion Molecules / blood Diet Female Humans Lipids / blood Lipoproteins / blood Middle Aged Mineral Waters / administration & dosage* Osmolar Concentration Postmenopause* Risk Assessment Sodium / analysis* |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Blood Glucose; 0/Cell Adhesion Molecules; 0/Lipids; 0/Lipoproteins; 7440-23-5/Sodium |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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