Document Detail


The role of retinoid X receptor alpha in regulating alcohol metabolism.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  16829625     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
There is substantial overlap in retinol and alcohol metabolism. Mice that lack retinoic acid (RA) receptor retinoid X receptor alpha (RXRalpha) expression in the liver are more susceptible to alcoholic liver disease. To investigate the interaction between RXRalpha and alcoholic liver disease, ethanol metabolism was studied in hepatocyte RXRalpha-deficient [RXRalpha knockout (KO)] mice. Hepatocyte RXRalpha deficiency resulted in a significant increase in hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity, ADH1 protein, but not Adh1 mRNA. Polysomal distribution analysis indicated that more polysome-associated Adh1 mRNA was present in the mutant mouse livers, suggesting increased ADH1 protein synthesis in RXRalpha KO mice compared with wild-type mice. However, ADH2 and ADH3 enzyme activities were not affected by RXRalpha deficiency. Although ethanol clearance was increased, acetaldehyde elimination was reduced when RXRalpha was not expressed in the liver. Both mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) 2 and cytosolic ALDH activities were reduced in the mutant mice compared with the wild type. Western blot analysis revealed that the levels of ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A2 were decreased in the mutant mice. Semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction indicated that liver Aldh1a1 mRNA level was also reduced due to the lack of RXRalpha expression. Thus, RXRalpha differentially affects ADH and ALDH activity, leading to an increase in alcohol clearance, but a reduction in acetaldehyde elimination. In addition, CYP2E1 as well as mitochondrial and cytosolic glutathione S-transferase activities were significantly lower in RXRalpha KO mice than in wild-type mice. Our results reveal the central role of RXRalpha in ethanol metabolism.
Authors:
Maxwell Afari Gyamfi; Michael George Kocsis; Lin He; Guoli Dai; Alphonse John Mendy; Yu-Jui Yvonne Wan
Related Documents :
18703755 - Beneficial effects of ceftriaxone against pentylenetetrazole-evoked convulsions.
9147415 - Effects of valproate on amino acid and monoamine concentrations in striatum of audiogen...
1845525 - Locomotor activity response to chronic ethanol treatment in selectively bred fast and s...
12650985 - A comparison of voluntary salt-intake behavior in nax-gene deficient and wild-type mice...
12411395 - Smad2 mediates transforming growth factor-beta induction of endothelial nitric oxide sy...
12687205 - Long-term study of interferon system state in patients with multiple sclerosis received...
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural     Date:  2006-07-07
Journal Detail:
Title:  The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics     Volume:  319     ISSN:  0022-3565     ISO Abbreviation:  J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.     Publication Date:  2006 Oct 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2006-09-26     Completed Date:  2006-11-02     Revised Date:  2007-11-14    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0376362     Medline TA:  J Pharmacol Exp Ther     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  360-8     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd., Kansas City, KS 66160-7417, USA.
Export Citation:
APA/MLA Format     Download EndNote     Download BibTex
MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Alcohol Dehydrogenase / genetics
Animals
Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 / physiology
Ethanol / metabolism*
Isoenzymes / genetics
Mice
Mice, Knockout
RNA, Messenger / analysis
Retinoid X Receptor alpha / physiology*
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
AA14147/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS; CA53596/CA/NCI NIH HHS
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Isoenzymes; 0/RNA, Messenger; 0/Retinoid X Receptor alpha; 64-17-5/Ethanol; EC 1.1.1.1/Alcohol Dehydrogenase; EC 1.14.14.1/Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


Previous Document:  Identification and characterization of functional rat arylamine N-acetyltransferase 3: comparisons w...
Next Document:  Discovery of pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyrazines derivatives as submicromolar affinity activators of wild type, ...