Document Detail


The role of metabolism in determining susceptibility to parathion toxicity in man.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  10414794     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Human liver microsomes (n = 16) activated parathion (O, O, diethyl O-p-nitrophenyl phosphorothioate, 20 and 200 microM) to paraoxon at a rate of 23.3-199.3 and 18.7-310.3 pmol/min per mg protein, respectively. p-Nitrophenol, was also formed, at 321.1-769.2 and 406.2-778.3 pmol/min per mg protein. This represented a 16-fold and 2-fold range in capacity to activate and detoxify parathion, respectively. Parathion was activated with an apparent Km of 9-16 microM (n = 3). The activation of parathion (200 microM) was positively correlated with nifedipine oxidation, indicating the involvement of CYP3A. Correlations were not significant with ethoxyresorufin-O-dealkylation (CYP1A1/2), pentoxyresorufin-O-dealkylation (CYP2B6), p-nitrophenol hydroxylation (CYP2E1), paraoxon hydrolysis (A-esterase) or phenylvalerate hydrolysis (B-esterase). Paraoxon formation from parathion was markedly reduced by CYP3A inhibitors. Experiments with EDTA indicated that A-esterase was not functionally important at low levels of paraoxon. Human P450s 3A4 and 3A5 expressed microsomes were the most efficient at biotransforming parathion to paraoxon, although P450s 1A1, 2B6 and 2C8 also catalysed the reaction. This study has determined wide interindividual variations in capacity to metabolise parathion, mainly by CYP3A, which may influence its manifest toxicity.
Authors:
E Mutch; P G Blain; F M Williams
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Toxicology letters     Volume:  107     ISSN:  0378-4274     ISO Abbreviation:  Toxicol. Lett.     Publication Date:  1999 Jun 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  1999-07-29     Completed Date:  1999-07-29     Revised Date:  2004-11-17    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  7709027     Medline TA:  Toxicol Lett     Country:  NETHERLANDS    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  177-87     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, The Medical School, Newcastle University, UK. elaine.mutch@ncl.ac.uk
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / physiology
Edetic Acid / pharmacology
Humans
Insecticides / adverse effects*
Microsomes, Liver / metabolism
Nifedipine / metabolism
Parathion / adverse effects*,  metabolism
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Insecticides; 21829-25-4/Nifedipine; 56-38-2/Parathion; 60-00-4/Edetic Acid; 9035-51-2/Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System

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