| A risk-benefit assessment of vigabatrin in the treatment of neurological disorders. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 8037889 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Vigabatrin was designed to increase the levels of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain. It does this by replacing GABA as a substrate for the action of the catabolic enzyme GABA-transaminase. As a result of this inhibition, neuronal GABA levels are elevated, resulting in enhanced endogenous GABA transmission. A number of clinical trials assessing the effect of vigabatrin in epilepsy have been completed. Vigabatrin is of proven benefit in partial seizures and secondarily generalised tonic clonic seizures, and it is licensed for use as adjunctive therapy in these conditions in several European countries. It has been shown to be effective in some epilepsy syndromes in children including West's syndrome, infantile spasms and cryptogenic partial seizures. Its effect on primary generalised tonic clonic seizures is variable, while there is considerable evidence that it has a deleterious effect on myoclonic and absence seizures. There have been a few reports of the benefits of vigabatrin in other neurological disorders including tardive dyskinesia, degenerative ataxias and GABA metabolism disorders. The adverse effects associated with vigabatrin are similar to those seen with other anticonvulsants, with a predominance of CNS effects including somnolence, fatigue, irritability, dizziness and headache. Psychiatric symptoms including depression and psychosis are seen in a small number of patients and cause the most problems. These often necessitate discontinuation of vigabatrin, which usually results in resolution of symptoms. |
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Authors:
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J Srinivasan; A Richens |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Drug safety : an international journal of medical toxicology and drug experience Volume: 10 ISSN: 0114-5916 ISO Abbreviation: Drug Saf Publication Date: 1994 May |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 1994-08-25 Completed Date: 1994-08-25 Revised Date: 2007-11-15 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9002928 Medline TA: Drug Saf Country: NEW ZEALAND |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 395-405 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Wales College of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase
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antagonists & inhibitors Animals Anticonvulsants / adverse effects*, therapeutic use* Brain / drug effects, metabolism Child Clinical Trials as Topic Double-Blind Method Epilepsy / drug therapy Humans Nervous System Diseases / drug therapy* Risk Factors Single-Blind Method Vigabatrin gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / adverse effects, analogs & derivatives*, therapeutic use |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Anticonvulsants; 56-12-2/gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; 60643-86-9/Vigabatrin; EC 2.6.1.19/4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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