| A review of the outcome expectancy construct in physical activity research. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 15677303 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND: Outcome expectancy is a central construct in social cognitive models of health behavior widely used as frameworks for physical activity research. PURPOSE: This article provides a review of the outcome expectancy construct and its application to research on physical activity. METHODS: Theoretical articles describing definitions and placement of outcome expectancy within social cognitive models, as well as empirical research on outcome expectancy and physical activity, were reviewed. RESULTS: Self-efficacy theory, the transtheoretical model, the theory of planned behavior, and protection motivation theory differ in their labeling and conceptualization of outcome expectancy but unanimously include expected outcomes of behavior. Preliminary empirical investigation of the role of outcome expectancy in understanding physical activity has yielded mixed results. Positive outcome expectancy appears to be more predictive of physical activity in older adults than in young to middle-aged adults, and personal barriers appear to be the most predictive subtype of negative outcome expectancy. In addition, a small number of studies indicate relations between outcome expectancy and other theoretical variables, including behavioral intention, stage of change, and self-efficacy. CONCLUSIONS: Further research on the role of outcome expectancy is necessary to design effective physical activity interventions. New directions in outcome expectancy research could involve (a) expanding the conceptualization of outcome expectancy to include expected outcomes of sedentary behavior and affective responses to physical activity, (b) further examination of potential moderators of the relation between outcome expectancy and physical activity (such as outcome value and outcome proximity), (c) distinguishing between the role of outcome expectancy in behavior onset versus behavior maintenance, (d) examining outcome expectancy as a mechanism of change in environmental intervention approaches, and (e) further analysis of interrelations between outcome expectancy and other social cognitive variables. |
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Authors:
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David M Williams; Eileen S Anderson; Richard A Winett |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine Volume: 29 ISSN: 0883-6612 ISO Abbreviation: Ann Behav Med Publication Date: 2005 Feb |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2005-01-28 Completed Date: 2005-05-17 Revised Date: 2007-11-14 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8510246 Medline TA: Ann Behav Med Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 70-9 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Center for Research in Health Behavior, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, VA, USA. dwilliams2@lifespan.org |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Attitude to Health* Awareness Humans Motivation Motor Activity* Research / standards* Self Efficacy |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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R01 CA 79469/CA/NCI NIH HHS |
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