| A re-evaluation of modelling of the current flow between electrodes: consideration of blood flow and wounds. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 17365428 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Electrical stimulation has been used for exercise, healing wounds, relieving pain, and strengthening muscle. The assumption is that current will flow predictably between electrodes and, therefore, there will be predictability in the clinical response to electrical stimulation. This may not be the case. The present investigation shows that considerable channelling of current occurs when the skin is heated or when there is a wound between the electrodes. By studying current movement in nutrient agar (a homogenous medium), blood agar and layered blood and nutrient agar to simulate areas of increased blood flow, it was found that areas of high or low resistance, especially in the surface layer, caused significant current movement toward (low resistance area) or away (high resistance area) from those areas. When a resister model was used to measure dispersion characteristics of current in a three-dimensional array, it was shown that if even a single resister value was lowered by 20% in the upper layer, current sinking occurred in all three layers of the array. The results seem to imply that where the tissue is non homogeneous due to injury or inflammation, electrode design or current delivery systems need to be modified appropriately to have the intended effect of the electrical stimulation. |
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Authors:
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J Petrofsky; E Schwab |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of medical engineering & technology Volume: 31 ISSN: 0309-1902 ISO Abbreviation: J Med Eng Technol Publication Date: 2007 Jan-Feb |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2007-03-16 Completed Date: 2007-04-12 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7702125 Medline TA: J Med Eng Technol Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 62-74 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Physical Therapy, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, 92350, California. USA. jerry-petrofsky@sahp.llu.edu |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Aged Electric Stimulation Therapy* Electrodes Female Humans Inflammation Male Middle Aged Models, Biological Necrosis Regional Blood Flow Skin / blood supply*, injuries Skin Temperature Wound Healing* |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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