| The phylogenetic origins of natural killer receptors and recognition: relationships, possibilities, and realities. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21191578 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Natural killer (NK) cells affect a form of innate immunity that recognizes and eliminates cells that are infected with certain viruses or have undergone malignant transformation. In mammals, this recognition can be mediated through immunoglobulin- (Ig) and/or lectin-type NK receptors (NKRs). NKR genes in mammals range from minimally polymorphic single-copy genes to complex multigene families that exhibit high levels of haplotypic complexity and exhibit significant interspecific variation. Certain single-copy NKR genes that are present in one mammal are present as expanded multigene families in other mammals. These observations highlight NKRs as one of the most rapidly evolving eukaryotic gene families and likely reflect the influence of pathogens, especially viruses, on their evolution. Although well characterized in human and mice, cytotoxic cells that are functionally similar to NK cells have been identified in species ranging from birds to reptiles, amphibians and fish. Although numerous receptors have been identified in non-mammalian vertebrates that share structural relationships with mammalian NKRs, functionally defining these lower vertebrate molecules as NKRs is confounded by methodological and interpretive complexities. Nevertheless, several lines of evidence suggest that NK-type function or its equivalent has sustained a long evolutionary history throughout vertebrate species. |
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Authors:
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Jeffrey A Yoder; Gary W Litman |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2010-12-30 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Immunogenetics Volume: - ISSN: 1432-1211 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2010 Dec |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-12-30 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0420404 Medline TA: Immunogenetics Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Affiliation:
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Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 4700 Hillsborough Street, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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