| The origin of ethics and social order in a society without state power. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 10402726 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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How ethics and social order in a society without state power had originated and developed is one of enigmas which human beings have tried to solve for a long time. Several theories on the origin of social order have been proposed since the "Social Contract" theory of Thomas Hobbes. According to Hobbes, as a society without state power is in a condition called war, a social contract among men is the origin of social order in a society where every man is against every man. Rousseau says that when human beings reach the stage in which they live in a permanent neighborhood, a property system is introduced. Then, too much ambition and avarice of man who has possessions compel him to propose the formation of a political institution, providing social order which enables him to keep his possessions. According to Nietzsche, the principle of equilibrium, that is, an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth is an important concept for the oldest theory of low and morality as well as the basis of justice. The sense of superiority and nobility which a strong man brave enough to take revenge feels is the origin of the antithesis "good" and "bad". Girard says that the sacred violence wielded by the community to sacrifice a surrogate victim brings about social order in a society without state power. All the aforementioned theories seem to have failed to find out that a society without state power has its own ethics that had spontaneously developed on the pagan culture. Previously, I indicated that a society without state power or a society where state power cannot function well, such as the tribal society in northern Albania, has ethics which is based on the ancient concepts of "Guest-god", "food (commensality)" and "blood". In the present paper, I propose a new theory on the origin of ethics and social order, using the model of ethics of the Kanun. |
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Authors:
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K Yamamoto |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Collegium antropologicum Volume: 23 ISSN: 0350-6134 ISO Abbreviation: Coll Antropol Publication Date: 1999 Jun |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 1999-07-27 Completed Date: 1999-07-27 Revised Date: 2009-02-04 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8003354 Medline TA: Coll Antropol Country: CROATIA |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 221-9 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Kyushu Institute of Design, Fukuoka, Japan. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Anomie Ethics* Government* Humans Morals Social Behavior Sociology* |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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