| The occurrence of toothwear in users of Ecstasy (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine). | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 10403088 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Ecstasy users have reported that dry mouth, jaw tension and tooth grinding were common side effects of its use although the influence of these effects upon toothwear have not been previously investigated. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare incisal and occlusal toothwear in Ecstasy users and a group of non-users of Ecstasy but users of other drugs. METHODS: Groups were established by a snowball peer information network from visitors to the "drop-in" Maryland Centre in Liverpool. Volunteers completed a questionnaire about social life, drug use and diet. Clinical examination for wear on the incisal edges and on canine tips was conducted with a mirror and probe, whereas occlusal wear was recorded in impressions and subsequently scored from stone replica casts. The degree of toothwear was scored according to the criteria of the Tooth Wear Index (Smith & Knight, Br Dent J 1984;157:16). RESULTS: Ecstasy users (n = 30) were compared with non-users (n = 28). Toothwear through the enamel into the underlying dentine occurred in 18 (60%) Ecstasy users but in only three (11%) non-users. The overall mean toothwear score in Ecstasy users was 0.63 compared with 0.16 in non-users (t = 4.34, P < 0.001). Dry mouth was reported by 93% of Ecstasy users whilst 89% stated that they clenched or ground their teeth after taking the drug. Tooth grinding commonly continued into the following morning. Carbonated (acidic) beverages were consumed by 93% of the users with a mean of three cans per "trip". CONCLUSION: The severity of toothwear and the number of teeth affected were greater in Ecstasy users than in a group of non-users. The occlusal surfaces were more commonly affected than the incisal, which may indicate jaw clenching rather than grinding as a feature of Ecstasy-induced muscle hyperactivity. |
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Authors:
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A Milosevic; N Agrawal; P Redfearn; L Mair |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Comparative Study; Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Community dentistry and oral epidemiology Volume: 27 ISSN: 0301-5661 ISO Abbreviation: Community Dent Oral Epidemiol Publication Date: 1999 Aug |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 1999-08-25 Completed Date: 1999-08-25 Revised Date: 2009-01-29 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0410263 Medline TA: Community Dent Oral Epidemiol Country: DENMARK |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 283-7 Citation Subset: D; IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Clinical Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Liverpool, UK. a.milosevic@liv.ac.uk |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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England
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epidemiology Hallucinogens / adverse effects* Humans Incidence N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine / adverse effects* Questionnaires Substance-Related Disorders / complications* Tooth Abrasion / chemically induced*, diagnosis, epidemiology Tooth Erosion / chemically induced*, diagnosis, epidemiology Xerostomia / chemically induced, diagnosis, epidemiology |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Hallucinogens; 42542-10-9/N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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