Document Detail


The neurotoxicity of industrial solvents: a review of the literature.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  3901738     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Organic solvents, particularly stryrene, are used widely in boatbuilding. They may be absorbed by workers either through the respiratory tract or the skin. Uptake is influenced by level and duration of exposure, work load, and specific physiochemical features of each solvent, as well as by work practices and use of protective equipment. Kinetics of metabolism and excretion kinetics are highly variable among compounds. Metabolites can be measured in blood, urine, or exhaled breath and may serve as indirect indices of absorption. Acute high-dose exposure to organic solvents can produce a transient narcotic effect on the central nervous system. This effect occurs in proportion to brain dose, which in turn is determined by intensity and duration of exposure. Additionally, chronic exposures to organic solvents have been reported to produce an increased frequency of neurologic signs and symptoms. These findings include peripheral neuropathies and toxic encephalopathies. The latter are characterized by alterations in affect, memory loss, and impaired cognition. Concern exists that prolonged excessive exposure to organic solvents may lead to premature and persistent dementia in certain workers.
Authors:
E L Baker; T J Smith; P J Landrigan
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; Review    
Journal Detail:
Title:  American journal of industrial medicine     Volume:  8     ISSN:  0271-3586     ISO Abbreviation:  Am. J. Ind. Med.     Publication Date:  1985  
Date Detail:
Created Date:  1985-10-25     Completed Date:  1985-10-25     Revised Date:  2007-11-14    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  8101110     Medline TA:  Am J Ind Med     Country:  UNITED STATES    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  207-17     Citation Subset:  IM    
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Humans
Maximum Allowable Concentration
Nervous System Diseases / chemically induced*,  prevention & control
Occupational Diseases / chemically induced*,  prevention & control
Occupations
Ships*
Skin Absorption
Solvents / metabolism,  toxicity*
Styrene
Styrenes / metabolism,  toxicity*
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
ES00002-21/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS; K010H00043//PHS HHS
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Solvents; 0/Styrenes; 100-42-5/Styrene

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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