| n-6 fatty acid-specific and mixed polyunsaturate dietary interventions have different effects on CHD risk: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21118617 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Randomised controlled trials (RCT) of mixed n-6 and n-3 PUFA diets, and meta-analyses of their CHD outcomes, have been considered decisive evidence in specifically advising consumption of 'at least 5-10 % of energy as n-6 PUFA'. Here we (1) performed an extensive literature search and extracted detailed dietary and outcome data enabling a critical examination of all RCT that increased PUFA and reported relevant CHD outcomes; (2) determined if dietary interventions increased n-6 PUFA with specificity, or increased both n-3 and n-6 PUFA (i.e. mixed n-3/n-6 PUFA diets); (3) compared mixed n-3/n-6 PUFA to n-6 specific PUFA diets on relevant CHD outcomes in meta-analyses; (4) evaluated the potential confounding role of trans-fatty acids (TFA). n-3 PUFA intakes were increased substantially in four of eight datasets, and the n-6 PUFA linoleic acid was raised with specificity in four datasets. n-3 and n-6 PUFA replaced a combination of TFA and SFA in all eight datasets. For non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI)+CHD death, the pooled risk reduction for mixed n-3/n-6 PUFA diets was 22 % (risk ratio (RR) 0.78; 95 % CI 0.65, 0.93) compared to an increased risk of 13 % for n-6 specific PUFA diets (RR 1.13; 95 % CI 0.84, 1.53). Risk of non-fatal MI+CHD death was significantly higher in n-6 specific PUFA diets compared to mixed n-3/n-6 PUFA diets (P = 0.02). RCT that substituted n-6 PUFA for TFA and SFA without simultaneously increasing n-3 PUFA produced an increase in risk of death that approached statistical significance (RR 1.16; 95 % CI 0.95, 1.42). Advice to specifically increase n-6 PUFA intake, based on mixed n-3/n-6 RCT data, is unlikely to provide the intended benefits, and may actually increase the risks of CHD and death. |
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Authors:
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Christopher E Ramsden; Joseph R Hibbeln; Sharon F Majchrzak; John M Davis |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The British journal of nutrition Volume: 104 ISSN: 1475-2662 ISO Abbreviation: Br. J. Nutr. Publication Date: 2010 Dec |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-12-01 Completed Date: 2011-01-04 Revised Date: 2011-10-20 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0372547 Medline TA: Br J Nutr Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 1586-600 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Section on Nutritional Neurosciences, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, NIAAA, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA. chris.ramsden@nih.gov |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Coronary Disease
/
etiology,
mortality,
prevention & control* Dietary Fats / administration & dosage* Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / therapeutic use* Fatty Acids, Omega-6 / adverse effects, therapeutic use* Humans Linoleic Acid / administration & dosage Myocardial Infarction / etiology, prevention & control* Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Risk Factors |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Dietary Fats; 0/Fatty Acids, Omega-3; 0/Fatty Acids, Omega-6; 2197-37-7/Linoleic Acid |
| Comments/Corrections | |
Comment In:
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Br J Nutr. 2011 Sep;106(6):958; author reply 959-60
[PMID:
21914241
]
Br J Nutr. 2011 Sep;106(6):951-2; author reply 953-7 [PMID: 21679479 ] Br J Nutr. 2010 Dec;104(11):1575-6 [PMID: 21118616 ] |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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