Document Detail


The mitochondrial death/life regulator in apoptosis and necrosis.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  9558479     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Both physiological cell death (apoptosis) and, in some cases, accidental cell death (necrosis) involve a two-step process. At a first level, numerous physiological and some pathological stimuli trigger an increase in mitochondrial membrane permeability. The mitochondria release apoptogenic factors through the outer membrane and dissipate the electrochemical gradient of the inner membrane. Mitochondrial permeability transition (PT) involves a dynamic multiprotein complex formed in the contact site between the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes. The PT complex can function as a sensor for stress and damage, as well as for certain signals connected to receptors. Inhibition of PT by pharmacological intervention on mitochondrial structures or mitochondrial expression of the apoptosis-inhibitory oncoprotein Bcl-2 prevents cell death, suggesting that PT is a rate-limiting event of the death process. At a second level, the consequences of mitochondrial dysfunction (collapse of the mitochondrial inner transmembrane potential, uncoupling of the respiratory chain, hyperproduction of superoxide anions, disruption of mitochondrial biogenesis, outflow of matrix calcium and glutathione, and release of soluble intermembrane proteins) entails a bioenergetic catastrophe culminating in the disruption of plasma membrane integrity (necrosis) and/or the activation of specific apoptogenic proteases (caspases) by mitochondrial proteins that leak into the cytosol (cytochrome c, apoptosis-inducing factor) with secondary endonuclease activation (apoptosis). The relative rate of these two processes (bioenergetic catastrophe versus protease and endonuclease activation) determines whether a cell will undergo primary necrosis or apoptosis. The acquisition of the biochemical and ultrastructural features of apoptosis critically relies on the liberation of apoptogenic proteases or protease activators from mitochondria. The fact that mitochondrial events control cell death has major implications for the development of cytoprotective and cytotoxic drugs.
Authors:
G Kroemer; B Dallaporta; M Resche-Rigon
Related Documents :
11848499 - Erucylphosphocholine-induced apoptosis in chemoresistant glioblastoma cell lines: invol...
21238599 - Phylogenetic lineage and pilus protein spb1/san1518 affect opsonin-independent phagocyt...
21197399 - Expression of proinflammatory and regulatory cytokines via nf-κb and mapk-dependent an...
11976189 - The role of apoptosis in the normal aging brain, skeletal muscle, and heart.
16207299 - Melatonin provokes cell death in human b-lymphoma cells by mitochondrial-dependent apop...
20083559 - Endocrine disruptor, dioxin (tcdd)-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in h...
12297419 - Immune escape through c-type lectins on dendritic cells.
19288189 - Glypican-3 reexpression regulates apoptosis in murine adenocarcinoma mammary cells modu...
20238399 - Anti-inflammatory pathways and alcoholic liver disease: role of an adiponectin/interleu...
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Annual review of physiology     Volume:  60     ISSN:  0066-4278     ISO Abbreviation:  Annu. Rev. Physiol.     Publication Date:  1998  
Date Detail:
Created Date:  1998-06-12     Completed Date:  1998-06-12     Revised Date:  2006-11-15    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0370600     Medline TA:  Annu Rev Physiol     Country:  UNITED STATES    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  619-42     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 420, Villejuif, France. kroemer@infobiogen.fr
Export Citation:
APA/MLA Format     Download EndNote     Download BibTex
MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Animals
Apoptosis / genetics,  physiology*
Humans
Mitochondria / physiology*
Necrosis*
Signal Transduction / physiology

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


Previous Document:  Cell cycle regulation and apoptosis.
Next Document:  Regulation of ceramide production and apoptosis.