| A mathematical model of human respiration at altitude. | |
| | |
MedLine Citation:
|
PMID: 17674206 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
|
We developed a mathematical model of human respiration in the awake state that can be used to predict changes in ventilation, blood gases, and other critical variables during conditions of hypocapnia, hypercapnia and these conditions combined with hypoxia. Hence, the model is capable of describing ventilation changes due to the hypocapnic-hypoxia of high altitude. The basic model is that of Grodins et al. [Grodins, F. S., J. Buell, and A. J. Bart. J. Appl. Physiol. 22:260-276, 1967]. We updated the descriptions of (1) the effects of blood gases on cardiac output and cerebral blood flow, (2) acid-base balance in blood and tissues, (3) O2 and CO2 binding to hemoglobin and most importantly, (4) the respiratory-chemostat controller. The controller consists of central and peripheral sections. The central chemoceptor-induced ventilation response is simply a linear function of brain P(CO2) above a threshold value. The peripheral response has both a linear term similar to that for the central chemoceptors, but dependent upon carotid body P(CO2) and with a different threshold and a complex, nonlinear term that includes multiplication of separate terms involving carotid body P(O2) and P(CO2). Together, these terms produce 'dogleg'-shaped curves of ventilation plotted against P(CO2) which form a fan-like family for different values of P(CO2). With this chemical controller, our model closely describes a wide range of experimental data under conditions of solely changes in P(CO2) and for short-term hypoxia coupled with P(CO2) changes. This model can be used to accurately describe changes in ventilation and respiratory gases during ascent and during short-term residence at altitude. Hence, it has great applicability to studying O2-delivery systems in aircraft. |
| | |
Authors:
|
Matthew Bernard Wolf; Robert P Garner |
Related Documents
:
|
18504146 - Dynamics of oxygen delivery and consumption during evoked neural stimulation using a co... 7324826 - Pentoxifylline does not protect mice against hypoxia. 20622626 - Maximizing oxygen delivery during mechanical ventilation with a portable oxygen concent... 7120526 - Failure of red blood cell transfusion to increase oxygen transport or mixed venous po2 ... 6827066 - Prediction of susceptibility to the porcine stress syndrome. 12477586 - Preoperative blood volume deficit influences blood transfusion requirements in females ... |
Publication Detail:
|
Type: Journal Article Date: 2007-08-03 |
Journal Detail:
|
Title: Annals of biomedical engineering Volume: 35 ISSN: 0090-6964 ISO Abbreviation: Ann Biomed Eng Publication Date: 2007 Nov |
Date Detail:
|
Created Date: 2007-10-23 Completed Date: 2008-01-08 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
|
Nlm Unique ID: 0361512 Medline TA: Ann Biomed Eng Country: United States |
Other Details:
|
Languages: eng Pagination: 2003-22 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
|
Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, 6439 Garners Ferry Road, Columbia, SC 29209, USA. wolf@med.sc.edu |
Export Citation:
|
APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
|
Altitude* Anoxia / physiopathology Humans Hypercapnia / physiopathology Hypocapnia / physiopathology Models, Statistical* Respiration* Tidal Volume |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
Previous Document: Prejunctional inhibitory effects of isoprostanes on dopaminergic neurotransmission in bovine retinae...
Next Document: Physicochemical characterization of nopal pads (Opuntia ficus indica) and dry vacuum nopal powders a...