| The mTORC1 signaling repressors REDD1/2 are rapidly induced and activation of p70S6K1 by leucine is defective in skeletal muscle of an immobilized rat hindlimb. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 23193052 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Limb immobilization, limb suspension, and bed rest cause substantial loss of skeletal muscle mass, a phenomenon termed disuse atrophy. To acquire new knowledge that will assist in the development of therapeutic strategies for minimizing disuse atrophy, the present study was undertaken with the aim of identifying molecular mechanisms that mediate control of protein synthesis and mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to unilateral hindlimb immobilization for 1, 2, 3, or 7 days or served as nonimmobilized controls. Following an overnight fast, rats received either saline or L-leucine by oral gavage as a nutrient stimulus. Hindlimb skeletal muscles were extracted 30 min postgavage and analyzed for the rate of protein synthesis, mRNA expression, phosphorylation state of key proteins in the mTORC1 signaling pathway, and mTORC1 signaling repressors. In the basal state, mTORC1 signaling and protein synthesis were repressed within 24 h in the soleus of an immobilized compared with a nonimmobilized hindlimb. These responses were accompanied by a concomitant induction in expression of the mTORC1 repressors regulated in development and DNA damage responses (REDD) 1/2. The nutrient stimulus produced an elevation of similar magnitude in mTORC1 signaling in both the immobilized and nonimmobilized muscle. In contrast, phosphorylation of 70-kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (p70S6K1) on Thr(229) and Thr(389) in response to the nutrient stimulus was severely blunted. Phosphorylation of Thr(229) by PDK1 is a prerequisite for phosphorylation of Thr(389) by mTORC1, suggesting that signaling through PDK1 is impaired in response to immobilization. In conclusion, the results show an immobilization-induced attenuation of mTORC1 signaling mediated by induction of REDD1/2 and defective p70S6K1 phosphorylation. |
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Authors:
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Andrew R Kelleher; Scot R Kimball; Michael D Dennis; Rudolf J Schilder; Leonard S Jefferson |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2012-11-27 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism Volume: 304 ISSN: 1522-1555 ISO Abbreviation: Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. Publication Date: 2013 Jan |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2013-01-16 Completed Date: 2013-03-12 Revised Date: 2013-04-16 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 100901226 Medline TA: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: E229-36 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Enzyme Activation / drug effects Hindlimb Suspension* / physiology Leucine / pharmacology* Male Muscle, Skeletal / drug effects, metabolism*, pathology Nuclear Proteins / genetics, metabolism* Phosphorylation Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors, metabolism Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Repressor Proteins / genetics, metabolism* Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa / metabolism* Signal Transduction / physiology Transcription Factors / genetics, metabolism* Up-Regulation / drug effects, genetics, physiology |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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DK-088416/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; DK-15658/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; R01 DK015658/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Nuclear Proteins; 0/Proteins; 0/RTP801 protein, rat; 0/Repressor Proteins; 0/SMHS1 protein, rat; 0/Transcription Factors; 0/mTORC1 complex, rat; 61-90-5/Leucine; EC 2.7.11.1/Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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