| The influence of intrinsically-photosensitive retinal ganglion cells on the spectral sensitivity and response dynamics of the human pupillary light reflex. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 19850061 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Historically, it was assumed that the light-evoked neural signals driving the human pupillary light reflex (PLR) originated exclusively from rod and cone photoreceptors. However, a novel melanopsin-containing photoreceptive cell class has recently been discovered in the mammalian retina. These intrinsically-photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) project to the pretectum, the retinorecipient area of the brain responsible for the PLR. This study was therefore designed to examine the relative contribution of rod, cone and the melanopsin photoresponses of ipRGCs to the human PLR. We establish that the melanopsin photoresponse of ipRGCs contributes significantly to the maintenance of half maximal pupilloconstriction in response to light stimuli of 30s or longer, even at low photopic irradiances. Furthermore, we show that the melanopsin photoresponse contributes significantly to three-quarter maximal pupilloconstriction in response to light stimuli as short as 2s. We also demonstrate that cone photoresponses driving pupilloconstriction adapt considerably and contribute little after 30s, but rod photoresponses adapt less and contribute significantly to the maintenance of pupilloconstriction in response to steady-state light stimuli at irradiance levels which are below the threshold of the melanopsin photoresponse. |
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Authors:
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David H McDougal; Paul D Gamlin |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Vision research Volume: 50 ISSN: 1878-5646 ISO Abbreviation: Vision Res. Publication Date: 2010 Jan |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2009-12-17 Completed Date: 2011-03-14 Revised Date: 2011-09-26 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0417402 Medline TA: Vision Res Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 72-87 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Laboratory of Autonomic Neurosciences, Pennington Biomedical Research, Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, United States. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adult Female Humans Light Light Signal Transduction / physiology* Male Middle Aged Reflex, Pupillary / physiology* Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells / physiology Retinal Ganglion Cells / physiology* Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells / physiology Rod Opsins / physiology* Sensory Thresholds / physiology |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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EY09380/EY/NEI NIH HHS; P30 EY03039/EY/NEI NIH HHS; R01 EY009380-12/EY/NEI NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Rod Opsins; 0/melanopsin |
| Comments/Corrections | |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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