Document Detail


The influence of glutathione and detoxifying enzymes on DNA damage induced by 2-alkenals in primary rat hepatocytes and human lymphoblastoid cells.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  7703365     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
The reaction of 2-alkenals with GSH to form GSH conjugates by Michael addition is a major detoxification pathway. The reaction proceeds at a much higher rate under catalysis by glutathione S-transferase (GST) than the non-enzymatic reaction. Oxidation of 2-alkenals to the corresponding acids by cytosolic and microsomal fraction of rat liver also contributes to detoxification. Primary rat hepatocytes rich in GSH and proficient for GST and other metabolizing enzymes consume much more alkenal than human lymphoblastoid cells (Namalva cells), that are poor in GSH and in metabolic activities. In Namalva cells DNA single strand breaks were induced by much lower concentrations of acrolein, crotonaldehyde and (E)-2-hexenal than in primary rat hepatocytes. In both cell systems intracellular GSH depletion by 2-alkenals proceeds in a dose dependent manner, approaching about 20% of pretreatment level before DNA damage becomes detectable. GSH conjugates of (E)-2-hexenal and (2E,6Z)-2,6-nonadienal induce DNA damage in Namalva cells at high concentrations (1.5 mM). In the absence of GSH these conjugates decompose slowly into aldehyde and GSH. Although the rate of decomposition is only about 10(-4) times that of Michael adduct formation, such GSH conjugates could potentially function as transport molecules for 2-alkenals, if they reach tissues low in GSH and GST.
Authors:
G Eisenbrand; J Schuhmacher; P Gölzer
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Chemical research in toxicology     Volume:  8     ISSN:  0893-228X     ISO Abbreviation:  Chem. Res. Toxicol.     Publication Date:    1995 Jan-Feb
Date Detail:
Created Date:  1995-05-10     Completed Date:  1995-05-10     Revised Date:  2006-11-15    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  8807448     Medline TA:  Chem Res Toxicol     Country:  UNITED STATES    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  40-6     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, Food Chemistry and Environmental Toxicology, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Acrolein / metabolism,  toxicity*
Aldehydes / metabolism,  toxicity*
Animals
Cell Line
DNA Damage*
DNA, Single-Stranded / drug effects
Glutathione / metabolism*
Glutathione Transferase / physiology*
Hexobarbital / metabolism,  toxicity*
Humans
Liver / metabolism
Lymphocytes / metabolism
Male
Rats
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Aldehydes; 0/DNA, Single-Stranded; 107-02-8/Acrolein; 4170-30-3/2-butenal; 56-29-1/Hexobarbital; 70-18-8/Glutathione; EC 2.5.1.18/Glutathione Transferase

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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