Document Detail


PET/CT in cancer: Methodological considerations for comparative diagnostic phase II studies with paired binary data.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  19057803     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
OBJECTIVES: When the combined diagnostic imaging technique PET/CT is considered promising with respect to diagnosis/staging of a certain cancer type, a systematic investigation by means of clinical diagnostic studies in the target population is necessary to evaluate the usefulness of PET/CT compared to the current standard. It is often difficult to decide in advance whether it is appropriate to plan a superiority or non-inferiority study. We propose a statistical analysis strategy which is flexible enough to cope with both aims alike. METHODS: In opposition to clinical studies on drugs, each patient can be subjected to both PET/CT and the current standard, leading to paired observations of binary data (e.g., cancer = yes/no, stage = 0/1+). The analysis strategy focuses on point estimates and confidence intervals for the difference (or relative increase) in accuracy measures. RESULTS: Formulas for approximate 95% confidence intervals for the differences in sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values between PET/CT and the standard procedures are given, respectively. The strategy can also be applied if results obtained with a golden standard are not available in patients in whom both PET/CT and the standard procedure gave negative results. Sample sizes can and should be determined in an adaptive manner. CONCLUSIONS: Diagnostic studies to assess the merit of PET/CT in the diagnostic work-up of cancer patients can and should start with phase II studies focusing on 95% confidence intervals for differences in diagnostic measures. Even if the gold standard procedure is incomplete, the statistical analysis strategy given here may still be applicable.
Authors:
O Gerke; W Vach; P F Høilund-Carlsen
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Methods of information in medicine     Volume:  47     ISSN:  0026-1270     ISO Abbreviation:  Methods Inf Med     Publication Date:  2008  
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2008-12-05     Completed Date:  2009-02-06     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0210453     Medline TA:  Methods Inf Med     Country:  Germany    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  470-9     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark. oke@stat.sdu.dk
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Data Interpretation, Statistical
Feasibility Studies
Humans
Neoplasms / diagnosis*,  physiopathology
Positron-Emission Tomography*
Predictive Value of Tests
Sample Size
Sensitivity and Specificity
Tomography, X-Ray Computed*

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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