| The importance and bioavailability of phytoferritin-bound iron in cereals and legume foods. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 18214015 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Ferritin is present in several types of plants in low concentrations, but it is possible to enhance this content by plant breeding, or by inserting the gene for ferritin into staple foods. Since each ferritin molecule can bind thousands of iron atoms, this may be a sustainable means to increase the iron content of plants. Before launching such efforts it is important to determine whether ferritin-bound iron is bioavailable. We assessed this in vitro using Caco-2 cells and in vivo using radiolabeled ferritin and whole body counting in human subjects. In Caco-2 cells, we found that dietary factors affecting iron absorption, such as ascorbic acid, phytate, and calcium, had very limited effect on iron uptake from intact ferritin, suggesting that ferritin-bound iron is absorbed via a mechanism different from that of non-heme iron. Using in vitro digestion, we found that ferritin was relatively resistant against proteolytic enzymes. Binding of ferritin to Caco-2 cells was found to be saturable and the kinetics for binding characteristic for a receptor-mediated process. In human subjects, we found that iron absorption from animal ferritin was similar to that from ferrous sulfate, suggesting that iron is well absorbed from ferritin. We did not find any significant difference between iron absorption from ferritin reconstituted with high-phosphate (plant-type) and low-phosphate (animal-type) ferritin mineral, suggesting that plant ferritin-iron is bioavailable. In a subsequent human study we also found that iron from purified soybean ferritin given in a meal was as well absorbed as ferrous iron. In conclusion, iron is well absorbed from phytoferritin and may represent a means of biofortification of staple foods. |
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Authors:
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Bo Lönnerdal |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift für Vitamin- und Ernährungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition Volume: 77 ISSN: 0300-9831 ISO Abbreviation: Int J Vitam Nutr Res Publication Date: 2007 May |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2008-01-24 Completed Date: 2008-03-24 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 1273304 Medline TA: Int J Vitam Nutr Res Country: Switzerland |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 152-7 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA. bllonnerdal@ucdavis.edu |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Biological Availability Caco-2 Cells Cereals* / metabolism Fabaceae* / metabolism Ferritins* / administration & dosage, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology Humans Intestinal Absorption / drug effects Iron, Dietary* / administration & dosage, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Iron, Dietary; 0/phytoferritin; 9007-73-2/Ferritins |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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