Document Detail


The impact of exposure variables on the induction of skin sensitization.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  16918618     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Whereas many investigations of the variables associated with the elicitation of allergic contact dermatitis have been undertaken, to the point where we can begin to predict the likelihood of elicitation occurring in a given situation, the same is not true for the induction of skin sensitization. Studies have demonstrated that increasing dose has an impact; in an experimental setting, a number of variables received attention some decades ago. However, in the work reported here, the relative importance of the frequency and the duration of exposure is highlighted. In an investigation using a human repeated insult patch test, it was demonstrated that reduction of the exposure duration from 48 hr to 5 min decreased the rate of sensitization to 1% p-phenylenediamine (PPD) from 54% to 3%. However, in an extended clinical study, it was observed that infrequent but longer duration and higher concentration exposure to PPD was significantly less likely to induce sensitization compared to more frequent, short duration, and lower concentration exposure. Detailed statistical analysis of the results indicated that the most important factor driving the induction of skin sensitization was the number of exposures.
Authors:
David A Basketter; Donna Jefferies; Bob J Safford; Nicola J Gilmour; Ian R Jowsey; John McFadden; Wannisa Chansinghakul; Imelda Duangdeeden; Preya Kullavanijaya
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Contact dermatitis     Volume:  55     ISSN:  0105-1873     ISO Abbreviation:  Contact Derm.     Publication Date:  2006 Sep 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2006-08-21     Completed Date:  2006-12-07     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  7604950     Medline TA:  Contact Dermatitis     Country:  Denmark    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  178-85     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever Colworth, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1PR, UK. david.basketter@unilever.com
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adolescent
Adult
Allergens / administration & dosage,  diagnostic use*
Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / diagnosis*,  etiology,  pathology
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Female
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Patch Tests / standards*
Phenylenediamines / administration & dosage,  diagnostic use*
Reference Values
Time Factors
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Allergens; 0/Phenylenediamines; 106-50-3/4-phenylenediamine

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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