| The glycerophosphateacyltransferases and their function in the metabolism of fatty acids. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 958214 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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1. From different studies on the cellular localization, postional specificity, and regulatory properties of acyl-CoA: glycerophosphate acyltransferase (EC 2,3,1.15) AND ACYL-CoA: 1-ACYLGLYCEROPHOSPHATE ACYLTRANSFERASE (EC 2,3,1....) the following conclusions can be drawn: The glycerophosphate acyltransferase is localized in the endoplasmatic reticulum (microsomes) and in the outer membrane of the mitochondria of the animal cell. Its reaction product is 1-acylglycerophosphate (1-lysophosphatidic acid). The mitochondrial enzyme shows a high preference for saturated fatty acids while the microsomal enzyme is less specific (alternatively the microsomes contain more than one glycerophsophate acyltransferase). 2. The 1-acylglycerphosphate acyltransferase is localized in the endoplasmatic reticulum (microsomes) in the animal cell. Possibly a minor fraction of this enzyme is localized to the outer membrane of the mitochondria. This enzyme shows a strong preference for unsaturated fatty acids. 3. Both the microsomal and the mitochondrial dihydroxyacetonephosphate acyltransferase show similar fatty acid specificity as the corresponding glycerophosphate acyltransferases. It cannot be excluded that dihydroxy-acetonephosphate and glycerophosphate are acylated by the same enzymes. 4. The activity of the glycerophosphate acyltransferase(s) in the liver decreases in fasting or fat feeding and increases upon feeding of carbohydrate. The activity of carnitine palmityltransferase varies exacty opposit. These enzymes do not show dietary variations in heart and adipose tissue. 5. Under the otherwise identical conditions the rate of carnitine acylation in isolated mitochondria decreases more than the rate of glycerophosphate acylation when the concentration of palmityl-CoA is reduced. 6. In isolated liver cells (which has lost most of their carnitine) addition of carnitine increases the rate of fatty acid oxidation and decreases the rate of triglyceride formation. 7. Glycerol and fructose lower the rate of fatty acid oxidation, probably by lowering the levels of acyl-CoA and acyl-carnitine in the cells. 8. It is concluded that the relative activities of glycerophosphate acyltranse and carnitine palmityltransferase probably influence the fate of fatty acids in the cell. |
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Authors:
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J Bremer; K S Bjerve; B Borrebaek; R Christiansen |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Molecular and cellular biochemistry Volume: 12 ISSN: 0300-8177 ISO Abbreviation: Mol. Cell. Biochem. Publication Date: 1976 Aug |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 1976-11-01 Completed Date: 1976-11-01 Revised Date: 2009-11-03 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0364456 Medline TA: Mol Cell Biochem Country: NETHERLANDS |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 113-25 Citation Subset: IM |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Acyltransferases
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isolation & purification,
metabolism* Animals Glycerophosphates Microsomes, Liver / enzymology Mitochondria / enzymology Mitochondria, Liver / enzymology Palmitic Acids / metabolism Phosphatidic Acids / biosynthesis Rats Subcellular Fractions / enzymology |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Glycerophosphates; 0/Palmitic Acids; 0/Phosphatidic Acids; EC 2.3.-/Acyltransferases |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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