Document Detail


The gastrointestinal tract and AIDS pathogenesis.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  19462506     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Gastrointestinal disease has been recognized as a major manifestation of human immunodeficiency virus infection since the earliest recognition of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Originally, these disease manifestations were considered to be sequelae of the immune destruction that characterizes AIDS rather than being central to the pathogenesis of AIDS. Over time, it has become clear that the mucosal immune system in general and the intestinal immune system in particular are central to the pathogenesis of AIDS, with most of the critical events (eg, transmission, viral amplification, CD4+ T-cell destruction) occurring in the gastrointestinal tract. Compared with peripheral blood, these tissues are not easily accessible for analysis and have only begun to be examined in detail recently. In addition, although the resulting disease can progress over years, many critical events happen within the first few weeks of infection, when most patients are unaware that they are infected. Moreover, breakdown of the mucosal barrier and resulting microbial translocation are believed to be major drivers of AIDS progression. In this review, we focus on the interaction between primate lentiviruses and the gastrointestinal tract and discuss how this interaction promotes the pathogenesis of AIDS and drives immune dysfunction and progression to AIDS. This article draws extensively on work done in the nonhuman primate model of AIDS to fill gaps in our understanding of AIDS in humans.
Authors:
Andrew A Lackner; Mahesh Mohan; Ronald S Veazey
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Review    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Gastroenterology     Volume:  136     ISSN:  1528-0012     ISO Abbreviation:  Gastroenterology     Publication Date:  2009 May 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2009-05-21     Completed Date:  2009-06-09     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0374630     Medline TA:  Gastroenterology     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  1965-78     Citation Subset:  AIM; IM    
Affiliation:
Division of Comparative Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana 70433, USA.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Anti-Retroviral Agents / therapeutic use
Gastrointestinal Diseases / drug therapy,  immunology,  virology*
Gastrointestinal Tract / virology*
HIV / pathogenicity*
Humans
Immunity, Cellular*
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
RR000164/RR/NCRR NIH HHS
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Anti-Retroviral Agents

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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