| The ethics of randomized placebo-controlled trials of antidepressants with pregnant women: a systematic review. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 19037048 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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OBJECTIVE: To determine whether placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials of antidepressant medications with pregnant participants are ethically justified. DATA SOURCES: We searched PUBMED, PsychINFO, and Cochrane databases for articles related to the ethical justification of randomized placebo-controlled trials involving pregnant women and for all research articles for the treatment of depression during pregnancy, using the keys words depression, antidepressive agents, pregnancy, clinical trials, placebo, and ethics. We based our ethical framework on current literature on the ethics of maternal-fetal medicine and research and the requirements of argument-based ethics. METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION: We selected studies in which maternal, fetal, and neonatal health outcomes associated with antidepressant exposure were reported. TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS: We integrated evidence-based reasoning and argument-based ethics to address four questions to determine whether what is known as normative equipoise (evidence-based reasoning requires uncertainty about which clinical management is superior) exists: 1) Is there evidence of efficacy of antidepressant use during pregnancy? 2) Is there documented causality of serious, far-reaching, and irreversible clinical harm to the fetal or neonatal patient? 3) Is there documented causality of serious, far-reaching, and irreversible harm to depressed pregnant women in a placebo arm? 4) Are there no or only rare documented occurrences of less serious injury to the fetal or neonatal patient? Evidence-based answers to these questions support the judgment that normative equipoise exists with respect to randomized placebo-controlled trials of antidepressants with pregnant participants. CONCLUSION: Randomized placebo-controlled trials of antidepressant medications during pregnancy are ethically justified. Well-conducted and ethically justified trials of antidepressants should improve the quality of care provided to depressed pregnant women and thus address a major public health problem. |
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Authors:
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John H Coverdale; Laurence B McCullough; Frank A Chervenak |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Obstetrics and gynecology Volume: 112 ISSN: 0029-7844 ISO Abbreviation: Obstet Gynecol Publication Date: 2008 Dec |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2008-12-08 Completed Date: 2009-01-27 Revised Date: 2009-10-26 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0401101 Medline TA: Obstet Gynecol Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 1361-8 Citation Subset: AIM; IM |
Affiliation:
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Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Antidepressive Agents
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therapeutic use* Depression / drug therapy* Evidence-Based Medicine Female Humans Placebos Pregnancy Pregnancy Complications / drug therapy* Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic / ethics*, methods |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Antidepressive Agents; 0/Placebos |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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