| The endocrine response and substrate utilization during exercise in children and adolescents. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 18420724 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Adolescence is a time of rapid growth caused by significant changes in hormone levels. For many, it is also a time of increased physical activity and sport that places a large demand on energy reserves. Exercise is known to cause perturbations in endocrine and metabolic systems in children and adolescents, yet careful characterization of these responses is only now being conducted. It does not appear that prepubertal youth have a different muscle composition than adults. However, these youth do have a lower anaerobic capacity and a greater reliance on aerobic metabolism during activity. Prepubertal adolescents may have an immature glucose regulatory system that influences glycemic regulation at the onset of moderate exercise. During heavy exercise, muscle and blood lactate levels are lower in children than in adults and there is a greater reliance on fat as fuel. The exercise intensity that causes maximal fat oxidation rate and the relative rate of fat oxidation decreases as adolescents develop through puberty. The mechanism for the attenuated lipid utilization with the advancement of puberty, and the impact that this may have on body composition, are unknown. Surprisingly, prepubertal adolescents have relatively high rates of exogenous glucose oxidation, perhaps because of their smaller endogenous carbohydrate reserves. Further study is needed to determine the optimal exogenous carbohydrate feeding regimen for peak performance in adolescence. Studies are also needed to determine whether physical activity, at an intensity targeted to maximize fat oxidation, help to lower body adiposity in overweight youth. |
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Authors:
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Michael C Riddell |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review Date: 2008-04-17 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) Volume: 105 ISSN: 8750-7587 ISO Abbreviation: J. Appl. Physiol. Publication Date: 2008 Aug |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2008-08-05 Completed Date: 2008-10-10 Revised Date: 2008-11-21 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8502536 Medline TA: J Appl Physiol Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 725-33 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health York University, Toronto, ON, Canada M3J 1P3. mriddell@yorku.ca |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Blood Circulation
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physiology Body Temperature Regulation / physiology* Child Dehydration / physiopathology Energy Metabolism / physiology Exercise / physiology* Heat Stroke / physiopathology Hot Temperature Humans Muscle, Skeletal / metabolism, physiology Psychomotor Performance / physiology Sweating / physiology |
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