Document Detail


The effects of cardioplegia on coronary pressure-flow velocity relationships during aortic valve replacement.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  10554852     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
OBJECTIVE: The acute physiological response of the coronary circulation to aortic valve replacement (AVR) has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to characterize the changes in coronary perfusion pressure-flow velocity relationships, and to test whether this relationship is affected by cardioplegic method. METHODS: Nineteen patients (mean age 67 +/- 12 (SD) years, 9 males) undergoing aortic valve replacement who received either cold blood cardioplegia (CBC, n = 9) or warm blood cardioplegia (WBC, n = 10), were prospectively studied before and 30 min after the operation, using transesophageal Doppler echocardiography combined with high fidelity left ventricular (LV) and aortic pressures. We thus determined: (1) Diastolic flow velocities in proximal anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), and simultaneous aorta to LV pressure differences. (2) The slope (LAD proximal linear resistance) and pressure intercept (zero flow pressure) of this relationship. (3) Overall LAD linear resistance as the ratio of mean diastolic flow velocity to mean pressure difference between aorta and left ventricle. (4) LV myocardial stroke work. RESULTS: Following operation, myocardial stroke work fell from 5.2 +/- 2.7 to 3.0 +/- 1.7, mJ cm(-3) (P = 0.001), LAD mean diastolic flow velocity increased from 47 +/- 19 to 74 +/- 21, cm s(-1) (P = 0.0002). LAD overall linear resistance fell (0.75 +/- 0.24 vs. 1.26 +/- 0.26, mmHg cm(-1) s, P = 0.001). LAD proximal linear resistance, however, remained unchanged (P = 0.21), but the zero flow pressure fell (18 +/- 12.6 vs. 27 +/- 12.2, mmHg above LV end diastolic pressure, P = 0.013). With similar fall in myocardial work postoperatively, there was a greater fall in zero flow pressure after WBC than CBC (48 +/- 28 vs. 19 +/- 13,% of pre-op, P = 0.012), and a greater increase in flow velocity time integral (127 +/- 81 vs. 53 +/- 59,%, P = 0.039). CONCLUSION: Instantaneous diastolic LAD pressure-flow velocity relations in the early postoperative period can be explained more satisfactorily in terms of zero flow pressure and proximal linear resistance than simple resistance alone. The fall in zero flow pressure alone explains the increase in LAD flow velocity immediately after aortic valve replacement. The extent of this fall is greater after warm rather than cold blood cardioplegia.
Authors:
X Y Jin; D G Gibson; J R Pepper
Publication Detail:
Type:  Clinical Trial; Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't    
Journal Detail:
Title:  European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery     Volume:  16     ISSN:  1010-7940     ISO Abbreviation:  Eur J Cardiothorac Surg     Publication Date:  1999 Sep 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  1999-12-07     Completed Date:  1999-12-07     Revised Date:  2006-11-15    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  8804069     Medline TA:  Eur J Cardiothorac Surg     Country:  ENGLAND    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  324-30     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Cardiac Surgery, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Aged
Aortic Valve
Blood Flow Velocity
Coronary Circulation*
Echocardiography, Doppler
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Heart Arrest, Induced / methods*
Heart Valve Diseases / physiopathology,  surgery*,  ultrasonography
Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / methods*
Humans
Linear Models
Male
Middle Aged
Monitoring, Intraoperative
Prospective Studies
Reproducibility of Results
Treatment Outcome
Ventricular Pressure

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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