| The effect of smoking nicotine tobacco versus smoking deprivation on motion sickness. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21036110 Owner: NLM Status: In-Data-Review |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND: The experienced smoker maintains adequate nicotine levels by 'puff-by-puff self-control' which also avoids symptomatic nauseating effects of nicotine overdose. It is postulated that there is a varying 'dynamic threshold for nausea' into which motion sickness susceptibility provides an objective toxin-free probe. Hypotheses were that: (i) nicotine promotes motion sickness whereas deprivation protects; and (ii) pleasurable effects of nicotine protect against motion sickness whereas adverse effects of withdrawal have the opposite effect. METHODS: Twenty-six healthy habitual cigarette smokers (mean±SD) 15.3±7.6cigs/day, were exposed to a provocative cross-coupled (coriolis) motion on a turntable, with sequences of 8 head movements every 30s. This continued to the point of moderate nausea. Subjects were tested after either ad-lib normal smoking (SMOKE) or after overnight deprivation (DEPRIV), according to a repeated measures design counter-balanced for order with 1-week interval between tests. RESULTS: Deprivation from recent smoking was confirmed by objective measures: exhaled carbon monoxide CO was lower (P<0.001) for DEPRIV (8.5±5.6ppm) versus SMOKE (16.0±6.3ppm); resting heart rate was lower (P<0.001) for DEPRIV (67.9±8.4bpm) versus SMOKE (74.3±9.5bpm). Mean±SD sequences of head movements tolerated to achieve moderate nausea were more (P=0.014) for DEPRIV (21.3±9.9) versus SMOKE (18.3±8.5). DISCUSSION: Tolerance to motion sickness was aided by short-term smoking deprivation, supporting Hypothesis (i) but not Hypothesis (ii). The effect was was approximately equivalent to half of the effect of an anti-motion sickness drug. Temporary nicotine withdrawal peri-operatively may explain why smokers have reduced risk for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). |
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Authors:
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John F Golding; Olena Prosyanikova; Maria Flynn; Michael A Gresty |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article Date: 2010-10-30 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical Volume: 160 ISSN: 1872-7484 ISO Abbreviation: Auton Neurosci Publication Date: 2011 Feb |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-02-07 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 100909359 Medline TA: Auton Neurosci Country: Netherlands |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 53-8 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
Affiliation:
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Dept. Psychology, University of Westminster, Regent Street, London W1B 2UW, United Kingdom; Clinical Neuroscience, Imperial College, Charing Cross Hospital, London, W6 8RF, United Kingdom. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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