| eNOS knockout mouse as a model of fetal growth restriction with an impaired uterine artery function and placental transport phenotype. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22552791 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is the inability of a fetus to reach its genetically pre-determined growth potential. In the absence of genetic anomaly or maternal under-nutrition, FGR is attributable to "placental insufficiency"; inappropriate maternal/fetal blood flow, reduced nutrient transport or morphological abnormalities of the placenta (e.g. altered barrier thickness). It is not known whether these diverse factors act singly, or in combination, having additive effects that may lead to greater FGR severity. We suggest that multiplicity of such dysfunction might underlie the diverse FGR phenotypes seen in humans. Pregnant endothelial nitric oxide synthase knockout (eNOS(-/-)) dams exhibit dysregulated vascular adaptations to pregnancy and eNOS(-/-) fetuses of such dams display FGR. We investigated the hypothesis that both altered vascular function and placental nutrient transport contribute to the FGR phenotype. eNOS(-/-) dams were hypertensive prior to and during pregnancy and at embryonic day (E) 18.5 were proteinuric. Isolated uterine artery constriction was significantly increased, and endothelium-dependent relaxation significantly reduced, as compared to wild-type (WT) mice. eNOS(-/-) fetal weight and abdominal circumference were significantly reduced compared to WT. Unidirectional maternofetal (14)C-methylaminoisobutyric acid (MeAIB) clearance and sodium-dependent (14)C-MeAIB uptake into mouse placental vesicles were both significantly lower in eNOS(-/-) fetuses, indicating diminished placental nutrient transport. eNOS(-/-) mouse placentas demonstrated increased hypoxia at E17.5, with elevated superoxide compared to WT. We propose that aberrant uterine artery reactivity in eNOS(-/-) mice promotes placental hypoxia with free radical formation, reducing placental nutrient transport capacity and fetal growth. We further postulate that this mouse model demonstrates "uteroplacental hypoxia", providing a new framework for understanding the aetiology of FGR in human pregnancy. |
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Authors:
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Laura C Kusinski; Joanna Lucy Stanley; Mark R Dilworth; Cassandra J Hirt; Irene J Andersson; Lewis J Renshall; Bernadette C Baker; Philip N Baker; Colin P Sibley; Mark Wareing; Jocelyn D Glazier |
Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2012-5-2 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology Volume: - ISSN: 1522-1490 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2012 May |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2012-5-3 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 100901230 Medline TA: Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Affiliation:
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1University of Manchester. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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