| The coronary circulation in cardioprotection: more than just one confounder. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22002502 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Cardioprotection, i.e. the reduction of infarct size by pre-, post- or remote conditioning, has originally been characterized in young and healthy experimental animals. Over the last two decades many signalling steps of cardioprotection have been identified, again in young and healthy animals. Although proof-of-concept studies unequivocally demonstrated the recruitment of all forms of cardioprotection in humans, the translation of cardioprotection to clinical routine has been poor. The apparent lack of translation has been attributed to poor design of clinical trials, but also to the neglect of confounders, such as age, sex, comorbidities and comedications, in experimental studies. The present opinionated review focuses on the coronary circulation as a major determinant of cardioprotection. Coronary occlusion and the restoration of coronary blood flow are the causes of myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury from which protection is sought. On the other hand, brief cycles of coronary occlusion and reperfusion are also the stimulus for protection from myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. The recruitment of collateral blood flow also contributes to protection from infarction. Finally, the coronary microcirculation is also a target of both injury by myocardial ischemia/reperfusion and protection from it. Different manifestations of coronary artery disease, such as coronary stenosis or coronary microembolization, impact on both injury and protection. |
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Authors:
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Gerd Heusch; Petra Kleinbongard; Andreas Skyschally; Bodo Levkau; Rainer Schulz; Raimund Erbel |
Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2011-10-16 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Cardiovascular research Volume: - ISSN: 1755-3245 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2011 Oct |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-10-17 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0077427 Medline TA: Cardiovasc Res Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Affiliation:
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Institut für Pathophysiologie und, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Germany. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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