| The consequences of being born small - an adaptive perspective. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 16612108 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Absolute definitions of fetal growth are being replaced by definitions that focus on an optimal life-course trajectory. The fetus makes responses to its environment that are determined by the maternal macro-environment, health and physiology. The processes of maternal constraint create significant variations within the normal range of maternal environments and function, and in the fetal environment, which are reflected in different patterns of growth. Deficient nutrient provision may induce immediate adaptation in the form of fetal growth impairment, but will also induce adaptive responses that have evolved for predictive advantage; that is, for a later phase of the life cycle. This latter class of response, probably mediated by epigenetic processes, explains many outcomes of a less-than-optimal pregnancy, including impaired growth, increased visceral obesity, impaired cognitive development, advanced maturation and a greater risk of metabolic and related disease in later life. While these adaptive processes evolved and were appropriate in the environments of prehistory, they are increasingly mismatched with modern environments. Such considerations suggest different approaches to intervention and prevention in population-specific contexts. |
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Authors:
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P D Gluckman; M A Hanson |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Lectures; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2006-04-10 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Hormone research Volume: 65 Suppl 3 ISSN: 0301-0163 ISO Abbreviation: Horm. Res. Publication Date: 2006 |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2006-04-13 Completed Date: 2006-06-16 Revised Date: 2006-11-15 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0366126 Medline TA: Horm Res Country: Switzerland |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 5-14 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright 2006 S. Karger AG, Basel. |
Affiliation:
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Liggins Institute and National Research Centre for Growth and Development, University of Auckland, New Zealand. pd.gluckman@auckland.ac.nz |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adaptation, Physiological* Birth Weight / physiology* Child Development / physiology Female Fetal Development / physiology* Humans Infant, Newborn Infant, Small for Gestational Age / physiology* Pregnancy Public Health Practice Risk Factors |
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