| A carbon cycle science update since IPCC AR-4. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21053724 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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We review important advances in our understanding of the global carbon cycle since the publication of the IPCC AR4. We conclude that: the anthropogenic emissions of CO2 due to fossil fuel burning have increased up through 2008 at a rate near to the high end of the IPCC emission scenarios; there are contradictory analyses whether an increase in atmospheric fraction, that might indicate a declining sink strength of ocean and/or land, exists; methane emissions are increasing, possibly through enhanced natural emission from northern wetland, methane emissions from dry plants are negligible; old-growth forest take up more carbon than expected from ecological equilibrium reasoning; tropical forest also take up more carbon than previously thought, however, for the global budget to balance, this would imply a smaller uptake in the northern forest; the exchange fluxes between the atmosphere and ocean are increasingly better understood and bottom up and observation-based top down estimates are getting closer to each other; the North Atlantic and Southern ocean take up less CO2, but it is unclear whether this is part of the 'natural' decadal scale variability; large-scale fires and droughts, for instance in Amazonia, but also at Northern latitudes, have lead to significant decreases in carbon uptake on annual timescales; the extra uptake of CO2 stimulated by increased N-deposition is, from a greenhouse gas forcing perspective, counterbalanced by the related additional N2O emissions; the amount of carbon stored in permafrost areas appears much (two times) larger than previously thought; preservation of existing marine ecosystems could require a CO2 stabilization as low as 450 ppm; Dynamic Vegetation Models show a wide divergence for future carbon trajectories, uncertainty in the process description, lack of understanding of the CO2 fertilization effect and nitrogen-carbon interaction are major uncertainties. |
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Authors:
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A J Dolman; G R van der Werf; M K van der Molen; G Ganssen; J-W Erisman; B Strengers |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Ambio Volume: 39 ISSN: 0044-7447 ISO Abbreviation: Ambio Publication Date: 2010 Jul-Sep |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-11-08 Completed Date: 2010-12-02 Revised Date: 2013-03-28 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0364220 Medline TA: Ambio Country: Sweden |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 402-12 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Earth Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands. han.dolman@falw.vu.nl |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Air Pollutants
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chemistry* Atmosphere Carbon Cycle* Carbon Dioxide / chemistry* Climatic Processes* Ecosystem Environmental Monitoring Internationality Methane / chemistry* Oceans and Seas |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Air Pollutants; 124-38-9/Carbon Dioxide; 74-82-8/Methane |
| Comments/Corrections | |
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