| The balance between cognitive reserve and brain imaging biomarkers of cerebrovascular and Alzheimer's diseases. | |
| | |
MedLine Citation:
|
PMID: 22102649 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
|
The cognitive reserve hypothesis explains the disparity between clinical and pathological phenotypes and why, in two individuals with the same extent of neuropathology, one may be demented while the other remains cognitively intact. We examined the balance between brain magnetic resonance imaging measures of the two most common pathologies associated with brain ageing, cerebrovascular disease and Alzheimer's disease, and parameters of cerebral reserve in well-characterized participants born in 1936, for whom childhood intelligence is known. Brain magnetic resonance imaging was carried out at 1.5T using fluid attenuation inversion recovery and T(1)-weighted volumetric sequences in 249 participants. Cerebrovascular disease was quantified by measuring brain white matter hyperintensities on fluid attenuation inversion recovery images using Scheltens' scale and Alzheimer's disease was measured from volumetric data using FreeSurfer to extract whole brain volume and hippocampal volumes in turn. The effect of these measures of brain burden on life-long cognitive ageing from the age of 11 to 68 years was compared with the effect of educational attainment and occupational grade using structural equation modelling. Complete brain burden and reserve data were available in 224 participants. We found that educational attainment, but not occupation, has a measurable and positive effect, with a standardized regression weight of +0.23, on late life cognitive ability in people without cognitive impairment aged 68 years, allowing for the influence of childhood intelligence and the two most common subclinical brain pathological burdens in the ageing brain. In addition, we demonstrate that the magnitude of the contribution of education is greater than the negative impact of either neuropathological burden alone, with standardized regression weights of -0.14 for white matter hyperintensities and -0.20 for hippocampal atrophy. This study illustrates how education counteracts the deleterious effects of cerebrovascular disease and Alzheimer's disease and highlights the importance of quantifying cognitive reserve in dementia research. |
| | |
Authors:
|
Alison D Murray; Roger T Staff; Christopher J McNeil; Sima Salarirad; Trevor S Ahearn; Nazahah Mustafa; Lawrence J Whalley |
Related Documents
:
|
9874549 - Sonographic ventriculography: a new potential use for sonographic contrast agents in ne... 16934689 - Synthesis and biological evaluation of a nonsteroidal bromine-76-labeled androgen recep... 17712869 - Enzyme-responsive paracest mri contrast agents: a new biomedical imaging approach for s... 10837739 - Delivery of imaging agents into brain. 19145439 - A morphological evaluation of botulinum neurotoxin a injections into the detrusor muscl... 17623889 - Mri of tumor angiogenesis. 11801909 - Pseudoenhancement of simple renal cysts: a comparison of single and multidetector helic... 8333299 - Reoperation after lumbar disc surgery: results in 130 cases. 17153409 - Quality assurance and system stability of a clinical mri-guided focused ultrasound syst... |
Publication Detail:
|
Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2011-11-18 |
Journal Detail:
|
Title: Brain : a journal of neurology Volume: - ISSN: 1460-2156 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2011 Nov |
Date Detail:
|
Created Date: 2011-11-21 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
|
Nlm Unique ID: 0372537 Medline TA: Brain Country: - |
Other Details:
|
Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Affiliation:
|
1 Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Aberdeen, King's College, Aberdeen AB24 3FX, UK. |
Export Citation:
|
APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
|
|
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
Previous Document: Morphine potentiates neurodegenerative effects of HIV-1 Tat through actions at ?-opioid receptor-exp...
Next Document: Priming of adult pain responses by neonatal pain experience: maintenance by central neuroimmune acti...