Document Detail


The axotomy-induced neuropeptides galanin and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide promote axonal sprouting of primary afferent and cranial motor neurones.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  17004919     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
The neuropeptides galanin and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) are markedly up-regulated in response to peripheral nerve lesion. Both peptides are involved in neuronal differentiation and neurite outgrowth during development. In this study, we investigated the effects of galanin and PACAP on axonal elongation and sprouting by adult rat sensory neurones in vitro and facial motor neurones in vivo. Dissociated rat dorsal root ganglion neurones were plated on laminin substrate and analysed morphometrically. Both the mean axonal length and the number of branch points significantly increased in the presence of galanin or PACAP (2-5 microm). Effects on axonal collateralization were investigated in the rat facial nerve lesion model by direct application of the peptides to collagen-filled conduits entubulating the transected facial nerve stumps. Triple retrograde labelling of brainstem neurones confirmed that the peptides potently induce axonal sprouting of cranial motor neurones. The number of neurones regenerating into identified rami of the facial nerve increased up to fivefold. Biometrical analysis of whisking behaviour revealed that galanin and PACAP impaired the functional outcome when compared with vehicle-treated animals 8 weeks after surgery. In conclusion, although galanin and PACAP have been established as neurotrophic molecules with respect to axonal development and regeneration, their potential as treatments for peripheral nerve lesions appears limited because of the extensive stimulation of collateral axon branching. These branches are misrouted towards incorrect muscles and cause impairment in their coordinated activity.
Authors:
Victor Suarez; Orlando Guntinas-Lichius; Michael Streppel; Shota Ingorokva; Maria Grosheva; Wolfram F Neiss; Doychin N Angelov; Lars Klimaschewski
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't    
Journal Detail:
Title:  The European journal of neuroscience     Volume:  24     ISSN:  0953-816X     ISO Abbreviation:  Eur. J. Neurosci.     Publication Date:  2006 Sep 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2006-09-28     Completed Date:  2007-01-05     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  8918110     Medline TA:  Eur J Neurosci     Country:  France    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  1555-64     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Institut für Anatomie, Universität zu Köln, Köln, Germany.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Afferent Pathways / cytology*
Animals
Axons / drug effects,  physiology*
Axotomy / methods
Behavior, Animal
Cells, Cultured
Cranial Nerves / cytology*
Disease Models, Animal
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Facial Nerve Injuries / drug therapy,  physiopathology
Female
Fluorescent Dyes / metabolism
Galanin / metabolism*,  therapeutic use
Gene Expression Regulation / physiology
Movement / drug effects,  physiology
Neurons / classification,  cytology*,  physiology
Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide / metabolism*,  therapeutic use
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Vibrissae / drug effects,  physiology
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Fluorescent Dyes; 0/Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; 88813-36-9/Galanin

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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