Document Detail


The airway epithelium: soldier in the fight against respiratory viruses.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  21233513     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
The airway epithelium acts as a frontline defense against respiratory viruses, not only as a physical barrier and through the mucociliary apparatus but also through its immunological functions. It initiates multiple innate and adaptive immune mechanisms which are crucial for efficient antiviral responses. The interaction between respiratory viruses and airway epithelial cells results in production of antiviral substances, including type I and III interferons, lactoferrin, β-defensins, and nitric oxide, and also in production of cytokines and chemokines, which recruit inflammatory cells and influence adaptive immunity. These defense mechanisms usually result in rapid virus clearance. However, respiratory viruses elaborate strategies to evade antiviral mechanisms and immune responses. They may disrupt epithelial integrity through cytotoxic effects, increasing paracellular permeability and damaging epithelial repair mechanisms. In addition, they can interfere with immune responses by blocking interferon pathways and by subverting protective inflammatory responses toward detrimental ones. Finally, by inducing overt mucus secretion and mucostasis and by paving the way for bacterial infections, they favor lung damage and further impair host antiviral mechanisms.
Authors:
Marjolaine Vareille; Elisabeth Kieninger; Michael R Edwards; Nicolas Regamey
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Clinical microbiology reviews     Volume:  24     ISSN:  1098-6618     ISO Abbreviation:  Clin. Microbiol. Rev.     Publication Date:  2011 Jan 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2011-01-14     Completed Date:  2011-04-14     Revised Date:  2012-01-02    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  8807282     Medline TA:  Clin Microbiol Rev     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  210-29     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital of Bern, Inselpital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adaptive Immunity
Humans
Immunity, Innate
Respiratory Mucosa / immunology*
Respiratory Tract Infections / immunology*,  virology*
Viruses / immunology*,  pathogenicity*
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
//Medical Research Council

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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