| The adaptive immune system as a fundamental regulator of adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22231651 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Over the past decade, chronic inflammation in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) has gained acceptance as a lead promoter of insulin resistance in obesity. A great deal of evidence has pointed to the role of adipokines and innate immune cells, in particular, adipose tissue macrophages, in the regulation of fat inflammation and glucose homeostasis. However, more recently, cells of the adaptive immune system, specifically B and T lymphocytes, have emerged as unexpected promoters and controllers of insulin resistance. These adaptive immune cells infiltrate obesity expanded VAT and through cytokine secretion and macrophage modulation dictate the extent of the local inflammatory response, thereby directly impacting insulin resistance. The remarkable ability of our adaptive immune system to regulate insulin sensitivity and metabolism has unmasked a novel physiological function of this system, and promises new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies to manage the disease. This review highlights critical roles of adipose tissue lymphocytes in governing glucose homeostasis.Immunology and Cell Biology advance online publication, 10 January 2012; doi:10.1038/icb.2011.110. |
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Authors:
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Shawn Winer; Daniel A Winer |
Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2012-1-10 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Immunology and cell biology Volume: - ISSN: 1440-1711 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2012 Jan |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2012-1-10 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8706300 Medline TA: Immunol Cell Biol Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Affiliation:
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1] Department of Pathology, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada [2] Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Diabetes Research Group, Toronto General Research Institute (TGRI), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. |
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