| Workplace drug testing and worker drug use. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 17362218 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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OBJECTIVE: To examine the nature and extent of the association between workplace drug testing and worker drug use. DATA SOURCES: Repeated cross-sections from the 2000 to 2001 National Household Surveys on Drug Abuse (NHSDA) and the 2002 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). STUDY DESIGN: Multivariate logistic regression models of the likelihood of marijuana use are estimated as a function of several different workplace drug policies, including drug testing. Specific questions about penalty severity and the likelihood of detection are used to further evaluate the nature of the association. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Individuals whose employers perform drug tests are significantly less likely to report past month marijuana use, even after controlling for a wide array of worker and job characteristics. However, large negative associations are also found for variables indicating whether a firm has drug education, an employee assistance program, or a simple written policy about substance use. Accounting for these other workplace characteristics reduces-but does not eliminate-the testing differential. Frequent testing and severe penalties reduce the likelihood that workers use marijuana. CONCLUSIONS: Previous studies have interpreted the large negative correlation between workplace drug testing and employee substance use as representing a causal deterrent effect of drug testing. Our results using more comprehensive data suggest that these estimates have been slightly overstated due to omitted variables bias. The overall pattern of results remains largely consistent with the hypothesis that workplace drug testing deters worker drug use. |
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Authors:
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Christopher S Carpenter |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Health services research Volume: 42 ISSN: 0017-9124 ISO Abbreviation: Health Serv Res Publication Date: 2007 Apr |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2007-03-16 Completed Date: 2007-05-11 Revised Date: 2009-11-18 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0053006 Medline TA: Health Serv Res Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 795-810 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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The Paul Merage School of Business at UC Irvine, 443 SB, Irvine, CA 92697-3125, USA. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adolescent Adult Cross-Sectional Studies Female Humans Likelihood Functions Male Marijuana Abuse / epidemiology* Multivariate Analysis Occupational Health Services / organization & administration Organizational Policy Socioeconomic Factors Substance Abuse Detection / statistics & numerical data* Workplace / organization & administration* |
| Comments/Corrections | |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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