| Win-win for wind and wildlife: a vision to facilitate sustainable development. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21533285 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Wind energy offers the potential to reduce carbon emissions while increasing energy independence and bolstering economic development. However, wind energy has a larger land footprint per Gigawatt (GW) than most other forms of energy production, making appropriate siting and mitigation particularly important. Species that require large unfragmented habitats and those known to avoid vertical structures are particularly at risk from wind development. Developing energy on disturbed lands rather than placing new developments within large and intact habitats would reduce cumulative impacts to wildlife. The U.S. Department of Energy estimates that it will take 241 GW of terrestrial based wind development on approximately 5 million hectares to reach 20% electricity production for the U.S. by 2030. We estimate there are ∼7,700 GW of potential wind energy available across the U.S., with ∼3,500 GW on disturbed lands. In addition, a disturbance-focused development strategy would avert the development of ∼2.3 million hectares of undisturbed lands while generating the same amount of energy as development based solely on maximizing wind potential. Wind subsidies targeted at favoring low-impact developments and creating avoidance and mitigation requirements that raise the costs for projects impacting sensitive lands could improve public value for both wind energy and biodiversity conservation. |
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Authors:
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Joseph M Kiesecker; Jeffrey S Evans; Joe Fargione; Kevin Doherty; Kerry R Foresman; Thomas H Kunz; Dave Naugle; Nathan P Nibbelink; Neal D Niemuth |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2011-04-13 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: PloS one Volume: 6 ISSN: 1932-6203 ISO Abbreviation: PLoS ONE Publication Date: 2011 |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-05-02 Completed Date: 2011-08-30 Revised Date: 2013-05-24 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 101285081 Medline TA: PLoS One Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: e17566 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Global Conservation Lands Program, The Nature Conservancy, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America. jkiesecker@TNC.ORG |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Animals, Wild* Ecosystem Electric Power Supplies* Humans United States Wind* |
| Comments/Corrections | |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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