| What distinguishes adipose tissue of severely obese humans who are insulin sensitive and resistant? | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 23298959 Owner: NLM Status: In-Data-Review |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Despite a strong correlation between obesity and insulin resistance, 25% of severely obese (BMI >40) individuals are insulin sensitive. In this review, we will examine the factors in adipose tissue that distinguish the two groups, as well as reasons for believing the insulin-sensitive group will be less disease prone. RECENT FINDINGS: Obesity has been linked to the metabolic syndrome with an increase in visceral (intra-abdominal) compared to subcutaneous fat. Recent studies in which adipose tissue of insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant patients with severe obesity were compared indicate that the insulin-resistant group is also distinguished by increases in oxidative stress and decreases in AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity. In contrast, changes in the expression of genes for SIRT1, inflammatory cytokines, mitochondrial biogenesis and function, and the two α-isoforms of AMPK showed more depot variation. Studies of how these and other changes in adipose tissue respond to bariatric surgery are still in their infancy. SUMMARY: Available data suggest that increases in oxidative stress, decreases in AMPK activity and SIRT1 gene expression, depot-specific changes in inflammatory, mitochondrial and other genes distinguish adipose tissue of insulin resistant from insulin-sensitive individuals with severe obesity. |
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Authors:
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X Julia Xu; Walter J Pories; Lynis G Dohm; Neil B Ruderman |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Current opinion in lipidology Volume: 24 ISSN: 1473-6535 ISO Abbreviation: Curr. Opin. Lipidol. Publication Date: 2013 Feb |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2013-01-09 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9010000 Medline TA: Curr Opin Lipidol Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 49-56 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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aDiabetes and Metabolism Unit, Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts bSection of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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