Document Detail


Water-soluble organosulfur compounds of garlic inhibit fatty acid and triglyceride syntheses in cultured rat hepatocytes.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  11383692     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
The putative hypolipidemic effect of garlic remains controversial. To gain further insight into the effect of garlic on lipid metabolism, the present study determined the inhibitory effects of water-soluble organosulfur compounds present in garlic on triglyceride (TG) and fatty acid synthesis in cultured rat hepatocytes. When incubated at 0.05 to 4.0 mmol/L with cultured hepatocytes, S-allyl cysteine (SAC) and S-propyl cysteine (SPC) decreased [2-14C]acetate incorporation into triglyceride in a concentration-dependent fashion achieving a maximal inhibition at 4.0 mmol/L of 43 and 51%, respectively. The rate of [2-14C]acetate incorporation into phosphlipids was depressed to a similar extent by SAC and SPC. SPC, SAC, S-ethyl cysteine (SEC), and gamma-glutamyl-S-methyl cysteine decreased [2-14C]acetate incorporation into fatty acid synthesis by 81, 59, 35, and 40%, respectively, at 2.0-4.0 mmol/L concentrations. Alliin, gamma-glutamyl-S-allyl cysteine, gamma-glutamyl-S-propyl cysteine S-allyl-N-acetyl cysteine, S-allylsulfonyl alanine, and S-methyl cysteine had no effect on fatty acid synthesis. The activities of lipogenic enzymes, fatty acid synthase (FAS), and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) were measured in cultured hepatocytes treated with the inhibitors. The activity of FAS in cells treated with 4.0 mmol/L SAC and SPC, respectively, was 32 and 27% lower than that of nontreated cells. Neither SAC nor SPC affected G6PDH activity. The results indicate that SAC, SEC, and SPC inhibit lipid biosynthesis in cultured rat hepatocytes, and further suggest that these S-alk(en)yl cysteines of garlic impair triglyceride synthesis in part due to decreased de novo fatty acid synthesis resulting from inhibition on FAS. Whether tissue concentrations of active garlic components can achieve levels required to inhibit TG synthesis in vivo warrants further investigation.
Authors:
L Liu; Y Y Yeh
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Lipids     Volume:  36     ISSN:  0024-4201     ISO Abbreviation:  Lipids     Publication Date:  2001 Apr 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2001-05-31     Completed Date:  2001-12-04     Revised Date:  2006-11-15    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0060450     Medline TA:  Lipids     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  395-400     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Nutrition Department, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Acetates / metabolism
Animals
Carbon Radioisotopes
Cells, Cultured
Fatty Acids / biosynthesis*
Garlic / chemistry*
Liver / metabolism*
Male
Plants, Medicinal*
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Solubility
Sulfur Compounds / chemistry,  pharmacology*
Triglycerides / biosynthesis*
Water*
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Acetates; 0/Carbon Radioisotopes; 0/Fatty Acids; 0/Sulfur Compounds; 0/Triglycerides; 7732-18-5/Water

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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