| Walnuts and fatty fish influence different serum lipid fractions in normal to mildly hyperlipidemic individuals: a randomized controlled study. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 19339404 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND: Increased consumption of n-3 (omega-3) fatty acids decreases the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD). OBJECTIVE: The objective was to determine whether walnuts (plant n-3 fatty acid) and fatty fish (marine n-3 fatty acid) have similar effects on serum lipid markers at intakes recommended for primary prevention of CHD. DESIGN: In a randomized crossover feeding trial, 25 normal to mildly hyperlipidemic adults consumed 3 isoenergetic diets ( approximately 30% total fat and <10% saturated fat) for 4 wk each: a control diet (no nuts or fish), a walnut diet (42.5 g walnuts/10.1 mJ), or a fish diet (113 g salmon, twice/wk). Fasting blood was drawn at baseline and at the end of each diet period and analyzed for serum lipids. RESULTS: Serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol concentrations in adults who followed the walnut diet (4.87 +/- 0.18 and 2.77 +/- 0.15 mmol/L, respectively) were lower than in those who followed the control diet (5.14 +/- 0.18 and 3.06 +/- 0.15 mmol/L, respectively) and those who followed the fish diet (5.33 +/- 0.18 and 3.2 +/- 0.15 mmol/L, respectively; P < 0.0001). The fish diet resulted in decreased serum triglyceride and increased HDL-cholesterol concentrations (1.0 +/- 0.11 and 1.23 +/- 0.05 mmol/L, respectively) compared with the control diet (1.12 +/- 0.11 and 1.19 +/- 0.05 mmol/L, respectively) and the walnut diet (1.11 +/- 0.11 mmol/L, P < 0.05, and 1.18 +/- 0.05 mmol/L, P < 0.001, respectively). The ratios of total cholesterol:HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol:HDL cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B:apolipoprotein A-I were lower (P < 0.05) in those who followed the walnut diet compared with those who followed the control and fish diets. CONCLUSION: Including walnuts and fatty fish in a healthy diet lowered serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations, respectively, which affects CHD risk favorably. |
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Authors:
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Sujatha Rajaram; Ella Hasso Haddad; Alfredo Mejia; Joan Sabaté |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2009-04-01 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The American journal of clinical nutrition Volume: 89 ISSN: 1938-3207 ISO Abbreviation: Am. J. Clin. Nutr. Publication Date: 2009 May |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2009-04-21 Completed Date: 2009-05-14 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0376027 Medline TA: Am J Clin Nutr Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 1657S-1663S Citation Subset: AIM; IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adult Aged Animals Cholesterol / blood Cholesterol, LDL / blood, drug effects Coronary Disease / prevention & control Cross-Over Studies Diet Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / pharmacology* Female Fishes* Humans Hyperlipidemias / blood*, prevention & control* Lipids / blood* Lipoproteins / blood Male Meat Middle Aged Nuts* Triglycerides / blood Young Adult |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Cholesterol, LDL; 0/Fatty Acids, Omega-3; 0/Lipids; 0/Lipoproteins; 0/Triglycerides; 57-88-5/Cholesterol |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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