| A σW-dependent stress response in Bacillus subtilis that reduces membrane fluidity. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21542858 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Bacteria respond to physical and chemical stresses that affect the integrity of the cell wall and membrane by activating an intricate cell envelope stress response. The ability of cells to regulate the biophysical properties of the membrane by adjusting fatty acid composition is known as homeoviscous adaptation. Here, we identify a homeoviscous adaptation mechanism in Bacillus subtilis regulated by the extracytoplasmic function σ factor σ(W). Cell envelope active compounds, including detergents, activate a sense-oriented, σ(W)-dependent promoter within the first gene of the fabHa fabF operon. Activation leads to a decrease in the amount of FabHa coupled with an increase in FabF, the initiation and elongation condensing enzymes of fatty acid biosynthesis respectively. Downregulation of FabHa results in an increased reliance on the FabHb paralogue leading to a greater proportion of straight chain fatty acids in the membrane, and the upregulation of FabF increases the average fatty acid chain length. The net effect is to reduce membrane fluidity. The inactivation of the σ(W)-dependent promoter within fabHa increased sensitivity to detergents and to antimicrobial compounds produced by other Bacillus spp. Thus, the σ(W) stress response provides a mechanism to conditionally decrease membrane fluidity through the opposed regulation of FabHa and FabF. |
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Authors:
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Anthony W Kingston; Chitra Subramanian; Charles O Rock; John D Helmann |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2011-06-09 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Molecular microbiology Volume: 81 ISSN: 1365-2958 ISO Abbreviation: Mol. Microbiol. Publication Date: 2011 Jul |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-06-27 Completed Date: 2011-10-13 Revised Date: 2012-10-09 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8712028 Medline TA: Mol Microbiol Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 69-79 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
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© 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. |
Affiliation:
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Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-8101, USA. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Anti-Bacterial Agents
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toxicity Bacillus subtilis / drug effects, physiology* Bacterial Proteins / metabolism* Cell Membrane / metabolism Detergents / toxicity Fatty Acids / metabolism Membrane Fluidity* Operon Promoter Regions, Genetic Sigma Factor / metabolism* Stress, Physiological* |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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CA21765/CA/NCI NIH HHS; GM034496/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS; GM47446/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS; R01 GM034496/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS; R01 GM047446-19/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS; R01 GM047446-20/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Anti-Bacterial Agents; 0/Bacterial Proteins; 0/Detergents; 0/Fatty Acids; 0/SigW protein, Bacillus subtilis; 0/Sigma Factor |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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