| Voluntary exercise induces anxiety-like behavior in adult C57BL/6J mice correlating with hippocampal neurogenesis. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 19452518 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Several studies investigated the effect of physical exercise on emotional behaviors in rodents; resulting findings however remain controversial. Despite the accepted notion that voluntary exercise alters behavior in the same manners as antidepressant drugs, several studies reported opposite or no effects at all. In an attempt to evaluate the effect of physical exercise on emotional behaviors and brain plasticity, we individually housed C57BL/6J male mice in cages equipped with a running wheel. Three weeks after continuous voluntary running we assessed their anxiety- and depression-like behaviors. Tests included openfield, dark-light-box, elevated O-maze, learned helplessness, and forced swim test. We measured corticosterone metabolite levels in feces collected over a 24-h period and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in several brain regions. Furthermore, cell proliferation and adult hippocampal neurogenesis were assessed using Ki67 and Doublecortin. Voluntary wheel running induced increased anxiety in the openfield, elevated O-maze, and dark-light-box and higher levels of excreted corticosterone metabolites. We did not observe any antidepressant effect of running despite a significant increase of hippocampal neurogenesis and BDNF. These data are thus far the first to indicate that the effect of physical exercise in mice may be ambiguous. On one hand, the running-induced increase of neurogenesis and BDNF seems to be irrelevant in tests for depression-like behavior, at least in the present model where running activity exceeded previous reports. On the other hand, exercising mice display a more anxious phenotype and are exposed to higher levels of stress hormones such as corticosterone. Intriguingly, numbers of differentiating neurons correlate significantly with anxiety parameters in the openfield and dark-light-box. We therefore conclude that adult hippocampal neurogenesis is a crucial player in the genesis of anxiety. |
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Authors:
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Johannes Fuss; Nada M-B Ben Abdallah; Miriam A Vogt; Chadi Touma; Pier Giorgio Pacifici; Rupert Palme; Veit Witzemann; Rainer Hellweg; Peter Gass |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Hippocampus Volume: 20 ISSN: 1098-1063 ISO Abbreviation: Hippocampus Publication Date: 2010 Mar |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-03-02 Completed Date: 2010-06-14 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9108167 Medline TA: Hippocampus Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 364-76 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health Mannheim (ZI), Mannheim, Germany. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Anxiety Disorders / etiology, physiopathology* Biological Markers / analysis, metabolism Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / metabolism Cell Count Cell Differentiation / physiology Corticosterone / analysis, blood Hippocampus / cytology, metabolism, physiopathology* Ki-67 Antigen / analysis, metabolism Male Maze Learning Mice Mice, Inbred C57BL Microtubule-Associated Proteins / analysis, metabolism Neurogenesis / physiology* Neuronal Plasticity / physiology* Neuropeptides / analysis, metabolism Neuropsychological Tests Physical Conditioning, Animal / adverse effects*, psychology Stress, Psychological / etiology, physiopathology* |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Biological Markers; 0/Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; 0/Ki-67 Antigen; 0/Microtubule-Associated Proteins; 0/Mki67 protein, mouse; 0/Neuropeptides; 0/doublecortin protein; 50-22-6/Corticosterone |
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