Document Detail


Vitamin d and innate and adaptive immunity.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  21419266     Owner:  NLM     Status:  In-Data-Review    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
In the last 5 years there has been renewed interest in the health benefits of vitamin D. A central feature of this revival has been new information concerning the nonclassical effects of vitamin D. In particular, studies of the interaction between vitamin D and the immune system have highlighted the importance of localized conversion of precursor 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) to active 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)(2)D) as a mechanism for maintaining antibacterial activity in humans. The clinical relevance of this has been endorsed by increasing evidence of suboptimal 25OHD status in populations across the globe. Collectively these observations support the hypothesis that vitamin D insufficiency may lead to dysregulation of human immune responses and may therefore be an underlying cause of infectious disease and immune disorders. The current review describes the key mechanisms associated with vitamin D metabolism and signaling for both innate immune (antimicrobial activity and antigen presentation) and adaptive immune (T and B lymphocyte function) responses. These include coordinated actions of the vitamin D-activating enzyme, 1α-hydroxylase (CYP27B1), and the vitamin D receptor (VDR) in mediating intracrine and paracrine actions of vitamin D. Finally, the review will consider the role of immunomodulatory vitamin D in human health, with specific emphasis on infectious and autoimmune disease.
Authors:
Martin Hewison
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Vitamins and hormones     Volume:  86     ISSN:  0083-6729     ISO Abbreviation:  Vitam. Horm.     Publication Date:  2011  
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2011-03-22     Completed Date:  -     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0413601     Medline TA:  Vitam Horm     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  23-62     Citation Subset:  IM    
Copyright Information:
Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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