Document Detail


Vitamin D and mucosal immune function.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  20639756     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Significant advances have been made in the characterization of Vitamin D and the Vitamin D receptor (VDR) in immune function. The studies of signaling pathways involved in the response to infection and inflammation have led to a more detailed understanding of the cellular response to Vitamin D through VDR. This review summarizes recent progress in understanding how Vitamin D contributes to mucosal immune function, particularly in relation to the molecular mechanisms by which Vitamin D and VDR influence mucosal immunity, bacterial infection, and inflammation.
RECENT FINDINGS: Recently, it was shown that Vitamin D modulates the T cell antigen receptor, further demonstrating that Vitamin D has a nonclassical role in immunoregulation. The anti-inflammation and anti-infection functions for Vitamin D are newly identified and highly significant activities. Vitamin D/VDR have multiple critical functions in regulating the response to intestinal homeostasis, tight junctions, pathogen invasion, commensal bacterial colonization, antimicrobe peptide secretion, and mucosal defense. Interestingly, microorganisms modulate the VDR signaling pathway.
SUMMARY: Vitamin D is known as a key player in calcium homeostasis and electrolyte and blood pressure regulation. Recently, important progress has been made in understanding how the noncanonical activities of Vitamin D influence the pathogenesis and prevention of human disease. Vitamin D and VDR are directly involved in T cell antigen receptor signaling. The involvement of Vitamin D/VDR in anti-inflammation and anti-infection represents a newly identified and highly significant activity for VDR. Studies have indicated that the dysregulation of VDR may lead to exaggerated inflammatory responses, raising the possibility that defects in Vitamin D and VDR signaling transduction may be linked to bacterial infection and chronic inflammation. Further characterization of Vitamin D/VDR will help elucidate the pathogenesis of various human diseases and in the design of new approaches for prevention and treatment.
Authors:
Jun Sun
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Current opinion in gastroenterology     Volume:  26     ISSN:  1531-7056     ISO Abbreviation:  Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol.     Publication Date:  2010 Nov 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2010-10-15     Completed Date:  2011-01-28     Revised Date:  2011-06-02    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  8506887     Medline TA:  Curr Opin Gastroenterol     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  591-5     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642, USA. jun_sun@urmc.rochester.edu
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adaptive Immunity
Animals
Autoimmune Diseases / immunology
Bacterial Infections / immunology
Humans
Immunity, Innate
Immunity, Mucosal / immunology*,  physiology
Inflammation / immunology
Intestinal Mucosa / immunology*,  physiology
Receptors, Calcitriol / immunology*,  physiology
Signal Transduction
Vitamin D / immunology*,  physiology
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
DK075386-0251/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; K01 DK075386-03/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; K01 DK075386-05/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; R03 DK089010-01/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; R03DK089010-01/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Receptors, Calcitriol; 1406-16-2/Vitamin D

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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