| Vitamin D intakes by children and adults in the United States differ among ethnic groups. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 16177216 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Concerns about vitamin D status in the United States have resurfaced due to increasing reports of insufficiency and deficiency. Few foods contain vitamin D naturally, and currently few foods are fortified in the United States. Intakes of vitamin D in the United States from food and food plus supplements by age, sex, and race/ethnicity group were estimated. Individuals > or = 1 y old who participated in the 1999-2000 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 1999-2000) were included in the analysis. Vitamin D intake by non-Hispanic (NH) white, NH black, Mexican American, and all individuals in the United States was estimated and compared with recommended levels. Vitamin D intakes were highest among children and teenagers, and lowest in the oldest age categories. Among children age 1-8 y, adequate intake (AI) levels for vitamin D from food were met or exceeded by 69% of Mexican American, 59% of NH white, and 48% of NH black subpopulations. Among adults > or = 51 y old, only 4% met or exceeded the AI from food alone. Few women 19-50 y old or men and women > or = 51 y old were estimated to consume recommended vitamin D levels from food. Mean dietary intakes of vitamin D from food plus supplements were consistently highest among NH white populations, although only small proportions of all those > or = 51 y old had intakes above the recommended levels. The large discrepancy between vitamin D intake by older individuals from food plus supplements and recommended levels, especially for NH black and Mexican American adults, warrants intervention. |
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Authors:
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Carolyn E Moore; Mary M Murphy; Michael F Holick |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Comparative Study; Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The Journal of nutrition Volume: 135 ISSN: 0022-3166 ISO Abbreviation: J. Nutr. Publication Date: 2005 Oct |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2005-09-22 Completed Date: 2006-01-11 Revised Date: 2006-11-15 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0404243 Medline TA: J Nutr Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 2478-85 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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The Beverage Institute for Health & Wellness, The Coca-Cola Company, Houston, TX 77056, USA. caromoore@na.ko.com |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adolescent Adult African Continental Ancestry Group / ethnology Child Child, Preschool Dietary Supplements Ethnic Groups / ethnology* European Continental Ancestry Group / ethnology Female Food Habits / ethnology* Humans Infant Male Mexican Americans / ethnology Middle Aged Nutrition Surveys United States / epidemiology Vitamin D / administration & dosage* Vitamins / administration & dosage* |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Vitamins; 1406-16-2/Vitamin D |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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