| Video force microscopy reveals the mechanics of ventral furrow invagination in Drosophila. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21127270 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The absence of tools for mapping the forces that drive morphogenetic movements in embryos has impeded our understanding of animal development. Here we describe a unique approach, video force microscopy (VFM), that allows detailed, dynamic force maps to be produced from time-lapse images. The forces at work in an embryo are considered to be decomposed into active and passive elements, where active forces originate from contributions (e.g., actomyosin contraction) that do mechanical work to the system and passive ones (e.g., viscous cytoplasm) that dissipate energy. In the present analysis, the effects of all passive components are considered to be subsumed by an effective cytoplasmic viscosity, and the driving forces are resolved into equivalent forces along the edges of the polygonal boundaries into which the region of interest is divided. Advanced mathematical inverse methods are used to determine these driving forces. When applied to multiphoton sections of wild-type and mutant Drosophila melanogaster embryos, VFM is able to calculate the equivalent driving forces acting along individual cell edges and to do so with subminute temporal resolution. In the wild type, forces along the apical surface of the presumptive mesoderm are found to be large and to vary parabolically with time and angular position, whereas forces along the basal surface of the ectoderm, for example, are found to be smaller and nearly uniform with position. VFM shows that in mutants with reduced junction integrity and myosin II activity, the driving forces are reduced, thus accounting for ventral furrow failure. |
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Authors:
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G Wayne Brodland; Vito Conte; P Graham Cranston; Jim Veldhuis; Sriram Narasimhan; M Shane Hutson; Antonio Jacinto; Florian Ulrich; Buzz Baum; Mark Miodownik |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2010-12-02 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Volume: 107 ISSN: 1091-6490 ISO Abbreviation: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. Publication Date: 2010 Dec |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-12-23 Completed Date: 2011-02-02 Revised Date: 2011-07-19 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7505876 Medline TA: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 22111-6 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada. brodland@uwaterloo.ca |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Cytoplasm / genetics, metabolism* Drosophila melanogaster Gastrula / cytology, physiology* Microscopy, Video Mutation Viscosity |
| Comments/Corrections | |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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