| Ventilator-associated pneumonia in newborn infants diagnosed with an invasive bronchoalveolar lavage technique: A prospective observational study. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22791095 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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OBJECTIVES:: To establish the incidence, etiology, risk factors, and outcomes associated with ventilator-associated pneumonia using an invasive sampling technique to avoid contamination. PATIENTS:: Eligible patients were intubated neonates treated with mechanical ventilation who followed the criteria of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance. Bronchoalveolar lavage samples were collected using a blind-protected catheter to avoid contamination of upper respiratory microorganisms. Isolation of >10 colony-forming unit/mL was required for diagnosis. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:: In 198 neonates intubated for >48 hrs, a total of 18 episodes of ventilator-associated pneumonia in 16 infants representing a prevalence of 8.1 were diagnosed. The pooled mean ventilator-associated pneumonia rate was 10.9/1,000 ventilator days. The mean age at diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia was 29 ± 15 days after a mean of 21 ± 16 days of mechanical ventilation. Gram-negative bacteria were the most commonly isolated pathogens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most frequent causative agent. Hospital length of stay was significantly longer for ventilator-associated pneumonia patients; however, no significant differences in mortality were found. Univariate analysis comparing patients with and without ventilator-associated pneumonia showed that days of mechanical ventilation, days of oxygen, number of reintubations, number of transfusions, bloodstream infection, and enteral feeding were all significantly associated with ventilator-associated pneumonia. However, in multivariate analysis the unique independent risk factor was days of mechanical ventilation (odds ratio 1.12, confidence interval 95% 1.07-1.17). CONCLUSIONS:: Ventilator-associated pneumonia is a frequent nosocomial infection in newborns. Only duration of mechanical ventilation has been identified as an independent risk factor for ventilator-associated pneumonia. The use of a blind invasive sampling technique seems to diminish sample contamination. |
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Authors:
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María Cernada; Marta Aguar; María Brugada; Antonio Gutiérrez; José Luis López; Marta Castell; Máximo Vento |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2012-7-11 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Pediatric critical care medicine : a journal of the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies Volume: - ISSN: 1529-7535 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2012 Jul |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2012-7-13 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 100954653 Medline TA: Pediatr Crit Care Med Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Affiliation:
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From the Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe (MC, MB, MCa, MV), Valencia, Spain; Division of Neonatology (MC, MA, MB, AG, MV) and Division of Microbiology (JLL), University & Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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