Document Detail


VLDL hydrolysis by LPL activates PPAR-alpha through generation of unbound fatty acids.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  20421589     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Recent evidence suggests that lipoproteins serve as circulating reservoirs of peroxisomal proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) ligands that are accessible through lipolysis. The present study was conducted to determine the biochemical basis of PPAR-alpha activation by lipolysis products and their contribution to PPAR-alpha function in vivo. PPAR-alpha activation was measured in bovine aortic endothelial cells following treatment with human plasma, VLDL lipolysis products, or oleic acid. While plasma failed to activate PPAR-alpha, oleic acid performed similarly to VLDL lipolysis products. Therefore, fatty acids are likely to be the PPAR-alpha ligands generated by VLDL lipolysis. Indeed, unbound fatty acid concentration determined PPAR-alpha activation regardless of fatty acid source, with PPAR-alpha activation occurring only at unbound fatty acid concentrations that are unachievable under physiological conditions without lipase action. In mice, a synthetic lipase inhibitor (poloxamer-407) attenuated fasting-induced changes in expression of PPAR-alpha target genes. Apolipoprotein CIII (apoCIII), an endogenous inhibitor of lipoprotein and hepatic lipase, regulated access to the lipoprotein pool of PPAR-alpha ligands, because addition of exogenous apoCIII inhibited, and removal of endogenous apoCIII potentiated, lipolytic PPAR-alpha activation. These data suggest that the PPAR-alpha response is generated by unbound fatty acids released locally by lipase activity and not by circulating plasma fatty acids.
Authors:
Maxwell A Ruby; Benjamin Goldenson; Gabriela Orasanu; Thomas P Johnston; Jorge Plutzky; Ronald M Krauss
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't     Date:  2010-04-26
Journal Detail:
Title:  Journal of lipid research     Volume:  51     ISSN:  0022-2275     ISO Abbreviation:  J. Lipid Res.     Publication Date:  2010 Aug 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2010-07-15     Completed Date:  2010-10-20     Revised Date:  2011-08-03    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0376606     Medline TA:  J Lipid Res     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  2275-81     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr Way, Oakland, CA 94609, USA.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Animals
Apolipoprotein C-III / metabolism
Biological Transport
Cattle
Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology
Fasting
Fatty Acids / biosynthesis*,  metabolism
Humans
Hydrolysis
Ligands
Lipoprotein Lipase / antagonists & inhibitors,  metabolism*
Lipoproteins, VLDL / metabolism*
Male
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
PPAR alpha / metabolism*
Serum Albumin / metabolism
Up-Regulation / drug effects
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
P0-1HL48743/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS; R0-1HL071745/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Apolipoprotein C-III; 0/Enzyme Inhibitors; 0/Fatty Acids; 0/Ligands; 0/Lipoproteins, VLDL; 0/PPAR alpha; 0/Serum Albumin; EC 3.1.1.34/Lipoprotein Lipase
Comments/Corrections

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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