Document Detail


Utilization of L-cystine by the gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase-gamma-glutamyl cyclotransferase pathway.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  237267     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Cystine is a good acceptor of the gamma-glutamyl group of gamma-glutamyl donors in the reaction catalyzed by gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. The product of the enzymatic reaction and an authentic sample of gamma-glutamylcystine were shown to exhibit identical chromatographic and electrophoretic behaviors; acid hydrolysis gave equimolar amounts of cystine and glutamate. In studies with two gamma-glutamyl donors, apparent Km values in the neighborhood of 0.3 mM were found for L-cystine; these values are not far from the concentrations of L-cystine in mammalian blood plasma. At an amino-acid acceptor concentration of about 0.5 mM, L-cystine is somewhat more active than L-glutamine, and much more active than L-cystein. L-gamma-Glutamyl-L-cystine was found to be a good substrate of gamma-glutamyl cyclotransferase. These observations thus indicate that L-cystine is a very active substrate of the gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase-gamma-glutamyl cyclotransferase pathway. In relation to the hypothesis that the gamma-glutamyl cycle functions in animo-acid transport, it may be significant that glutathione (which is the most abundant intracellular form) is a much better gamma-glutamyl donor than glutathione disulfide, while the predominant extracellular form-cystine-is a much better gamma-glutamyl acceptor substrate than cystein.
Authors:
G A Thompson; A Meister
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America     Volume:  72     ISSN:  0027-8424     ISO Abbreviation:  Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.     Publication Date:  1975 Jun 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  1975-09-09     Completed Date:  1975-09-09     Revised Date:  2010-09-02    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  7505876     Medline TA:  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A     Country:  UNITED STATES    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  1985-8     Citation Subset:  IM    
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Acyltransferases*
Animals
Brain / enzymology*
Catalysis
Chromatography, Paper
Cysteine
Cystine*
Dipeptides
Electrophoresis, Paper
Glutamine
Glutathione
Kidney / enzymology*
Rats
Sheep
Structure-Activity Relationship
gamma-Glutamylcyclotransferase*
gamma-Glutamyltransferase*
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Dipeptides; 52-90-4/Cysteine; 56-85-9/Glutamine; 56-89-3/Cystine; 70-18-8/Glutathione; EC 2.3.-/Acyltransferases; EC 2.3.2.2/gamma-Glutamyltransferase; EC 2.3.2.4/gamma-Glutamylcyclotransferase
Comments/Corrections

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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