| Uptake and disposition of 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a) in humans. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22155657 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The aim of this study was to determine the toxicokinetics of inhaled 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a) in humans. Healthy volunteers were exposed to 0, 200 or 1000ppm 1,1-difluoroethane for 2h at light exercise in an exposure chamber. Capillary blood, urine and exhaled air were sampled up to 22h post-exposure and analyzed for 1,1-difluoroethane. Fluoride and other potential metabolites were analyzed in urine. Symptoms of irritation and central nervous system effects were rated and inflammatory markers were analyzed in blood. Within a few minutes of exposure to 200 and 1000ppm, 1,1-difluoroethane increased rapidly in blood and reached average levels of 7.4 and 34.3μM, respectively. The post-exposure decreases in blood were fast and parallel to those in exhaled air. The observed time courses in blood and breath agreed well with those obtained with the PBPK model. The PBPK simulations indicate a net uptake during exposure to 1000ppm of 6.6mmol (6.7%) which corresponds to the amount exhaled post-exposure. About 20μmol excess fluoride (0.013% of inhaled 1,1-difluoroethane on a molar basis) was excreted in urine after exposure to 1000ppm, compared to control. No fluorine-containing metabolites were detected in urine. Symptom ratings and changes in inflammatory markers revealed no exposure-related effects. |
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Authors:
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Lena Ernstgård; Bengt Sjögren; Wolfgang Dekant; Tobias Schmidt; Gunnar Johanson |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2011-12-4 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Toxicology letters Volume: - ISSN: 1879-3169 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2011 Dec |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-12-13 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7709027 Medline TA: Toxicol Lett Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright © 2011. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. |
Affiliation:
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Work Environment Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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